Analyse and present research information Essay

Executive summary In this case study â€Å"Kerr Deliveries† is a service oriented organization. They are doing courier service. The purpose of this case study is to solve the problem as an IT expert. Without information technology it is really difficult to develop the business. This modern era is about globalization. Company should adopt different system for their business to stay safe in the right track. Robert Kerr is a successful delivery company based on NSW since 1995. I am working as his assistant. In this report i will recommend which computer to buy for the company. After researching computer market i think company should buy Dell desktop, Toshiba laptop and Samsung PDA. In research report bellow I am going explain why company should buy those brand computers. In this case study â€Å"Kerr Deliveries† is a small company which is operate by Robert Kerr and his associates. They provide delivery services by bicycles, vans and cars for their clients across Sydney and regional NSW. Due to business expanding at rapid rate ,Robert going to begin operations in Canberra, Melbourne and Brisbane in couple of months time. User/system personnel interface in improving system flexibility: Information system has great impact in a every business organization. Information systems flexibility is becoming increasingly important, both research (for example information system, supply chain management, organizational flexibility, research domains) and industry. Rapidly change in the business every organization has given more significance on information systems. Although RTD did not implement information system flexibility and online presence in their business, to develop their business organization they should introduce their information system flexibility in their business. However, the main concept of flexibility in a management disciplines including organization strategy and structured, manufacturing and IT. Every business directly and indirectly depends on information system and companies give primary priority to the information systems. System flexibility develops business efficiency and customer satisfactions. (question1) A service oriented method for system of systems requirements analysis and architecture design: For rapid changes in business environment organization are facing various problems, they may also face the problem of alignment of  IT with business strategy. In our case study RTD faces lots of problems regarding business strategy. Though they are service oriented company with combination of courier, removals and cattle transportation in a certain locality. They have not got proper information systems also got poor transaction record system, job schedule, vehicles problem are the main business problems. In their business they also face few more problems like payroll problem, poor marketing strategy, invoicing problem, and cash and cheque oriented transactions. This article provides reusable and flexible solution for system requirement modelling and it enables the requirement description of system. It also demonstrates the applicability of the method for the service oriented company. (Question 2) Communication of the association for information system: Every organization should implement information system to operate their business activities. This article describes how a punctuated process model can analyse a specific information system development (ISD). They also focus on information system project which was implemented in a UK retail small medium sized enterprise (SME). A new technology was being applied instead of previous one. Basically information system method can give us a new realistic and valuable way to realize ISD as a social process. By using information system development, RTD can communicate through organizational work as well as information system building process within the organization. Eventually this change in existing organizational routines can play positive impact on RTD. (Question 3) Organizational information system competence in SME: Small medium sized enterprise can play vital role in the global economy. In every SME, they need information system to enhance their business activities. There are some associates with business advantages, Information system planning, acquiring IS knowledge and describing its requirements, software and hardware sourcing, develop the application and tools and finally maintain the relationship between IS and suppliers. There are various new frameworks which can help RTD to develop their operational activities. Macro-competence (business and strategic thinking) help them to get rid of their previous problem. This model can develop business  opportunities from current and emerging hardware and software applications. It can also help to established appropriate criteria for decision making on IS investment. It can integrated with IS plan with business strategy. (Question 8) Competitive advantages and strategic Information system: In the time of modern technology, business organization needed useful system for existing in global business. They should implement different types of information system for their business. In this article they provide us different information system which can really help to achieve competitive advantages. Those systems are as follows: Decision support systems (DSS): that helps to build strategic approach to manage Information system/ information technology with an organizational business planning. Primarily Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): which can integrate between enterprise objectives and enterprise resources. Data base system: is â€Å"data mining† which can help to gather the information for marketing, production, promotion and the innovation for the business organization. Real time Information systems: that intended to maintain a rapid response and the quality indicators. (Question 5) Information System Strategy; Re conceptualization, Measurement and Implications: According to Davis (2000) the information systems of an organization consist of the information technology infrastructure, data, application systems, and personnel that employ IT to deliver information and communications services in an organization .Thus the Concept of IS combines both the technical components and Human activities within the organization as well as describes the process of managing the life cycle of organizational IS Practices (Avgerou and McGrath 2007). In this article they focused on new typology that operationallized is strategy in a way that can apply in a holistic sense to the organization. They also describe different definition of strategy in their extended strategic management literature and finalizing of information system strategy. RTD can use centric view of IS strategy may resolve these outlined issues. (Question 4) Conclusions: In conclusion RTD face various problems when they started their business.  There is no alternative without using information system in a business organization. Nowadays, the business environment change rapidly because of globalization. Every company should keep their information up to date for exist in this competitive market. Information system can do everything. By this system organization can collect data from out sourcing and they can store the data for long as well. They can also communicate properly within as well as outside the organization. They can use different software program for operating their business. They can improve their payroll system. However, they can collect data from internet about competitors. Eventually an organization like RTD can do the best in the market. Recommendations: There are some recommendations RTD can apply for their current situation, for example collaboration and communication, intranet and extranet, different marketing strategy. RTD has some problems to solve these they should first identify their business requirements with information system requirements. Models of Collaboration as the Foundation for Collaboration Technologies: Collaboration is very useful in every organization. According to this article â€Å"collaboration technologies would be more effective and more readily adopted and accepted if collaboration technology development were guided by models of collaboration. Model construction plays an important role in software development today; software developers construct, for example, data models and object models†. This method has no complexity. Most of the organization uses this model for their organization. The authors described four type of collaboration model. Those are as follows: 1) UML (universal modeling language), 2) work flow Modeling, 3) coordination theory model, 4) Goal, objectives, methods, and Selection (GOMS). Here, RTD can use the GOMS model, as they are doing repetitive job like transporting, and courier service for their local clients. Different human teams differed substantially in the ways they interacted and communicated. The GOMS model described how the tasks were intended to be done, but actual behavior deviated widely from this ostensive model. The Internet and DSS: massive, real-time data availability is changing the DSS landscape: The Internet can serve as a source of massive, micro-level data. In the article they discuss about the opportunity and challenges in capturing and utilizing real-time data off the Internet, intranets, or extranets. In the modern technology The Internet and company intranets and extranets increasingly provide the opportunity for a firm to obtain repeated observation of individual choices and actions. Firms now often have access to the information necessary to track the ‘‘progression to transaction’’. This abundance or rush of real time information poses significant opportunities and challenges for DSS development and implementation.RTD has to apply this technology for their business. According to Bapna et al. (2006) the role of Internet data in developing and testing new theories and patterns of individual behavior and market performance. They focused on how such abundance of real-time data offers new horizons for DSS development and continual recalibration. However, they also described the emergence of DSS internet’s data rich environments and B2B system with supply chain management. References: O’Brien, J & Marakas, G 2011, Management information systems, 10th edn, McGraw Hill, New York. Palanisamy, R, Boyle, T.A & Stuart, I 2009, ‘User/System Personnel Interface in Improving Information Systems Flexibility’, ANNAMALAI INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS STUDIES & RESEARCH, Vol. 1, pp.12-22(online EBSCOhost). Zhang, Y & Liu, X 2012, ‘A Service-Oriented Method for System-of- Systems Requirements Analysis and Architecture Design’, JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE, Vol. 7, pp. 358-366 (online EBSCOhost). Newman, M 2009, ‘Punctuated Process Modeling of Information Systems Development: An Illustration from a Mid-Sized Enterprise’, Communication of the association for information system, Vol.24, pp.673-700 (online EBSCOhost). Cragg, P, Caldeira, M & Ward,J 2011, ‘Organizational information systems competences in small and medium-sized Enterprises’, Information & Management, Vol.48, pp.353-363 (online EBSCOhost) Chen,D, Mocker, M, Preston, D.S, & Teubner, A 2010, ‘INFORMATION SYSTEMS STRATEGY: RECONCEPTUALIZATION, MEASUREMENT, AND IMPLICATIONS’, MIS Quarterly, vol.34, pp.233-259 (online EBSCOhost) Hemmatfar, M, Salehi,M & Bayat,M 2010, ‘Competitive Advantages and Strategic Information Systems’, International Journal of Business and Management, vol.5, pp.158-170 (online EBSCOhost) Poltrock,S & Handel,M 2010, ‘Models of Collaboration as the Foundation for Collaboration Technologies’, Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.27, Pp.97-122 (online EBSCOhost) Marsden, J.R 2008, ‘The Internet and DSS: massive, real-time data availability is changing the DSS landscape’, Springer, Vol.6, pp.193-203 (online EBSCOhost)

Analysis of a Job Advert and My Employability Skills Essay

Describe the qualifications required: GCSE A*-C standard English and Maths, this is essential because you need to be able to simple adding and English is a necessity because you need to be able to read and speak fluent English. To have a National Vocational Qualification (NVQ) Level 1 or 2 in customer service you can also have a food safety certificate. Describe the level of experience in a similar role required: To have a previous experience at least 1 year or 2 year in a quality restaurant or bar. Describe the level of experience in the industry required: N/A Describe the knowledge of goods and services required: To have good knowledge about the Restaurant and other department’s hotels. Describe the level of effectiveness in meeting personal and team targets required: Ensure that you have a high level of effectiveness in meeting personal and targets so that you are happy for the job and show appreciation to the job. Describe the level of ability to observe and raise professional standards required: The level of ability should be high because you will need to be able to show individual courtesy to customers for example if there is a bad product on the shelf you tell them immediately and they will get you a better product. Personal Skills Organisation Name: Frontline Role: Food and Beverage Assistant Describe the amount if patience required: Good interpersonal and customer facing skills, maintain professionalism, display patience and politeness within a busy environment are some of the skills required. Describe the level of hard work required: Candidates must be reliable, flexible and have a ‘can do’ attitude. You must have good attention to detail, ability to work within a close team and also work with minimal supervision. Describe the level of ability to work as part of a team: Candidates must show the ability to have an excellent work ethic and be part of a team as required. Describe the level of good interpersonal skills required: Interpersonal skills are essential when socialising with colleagues and friends. Interpersonal skills include everything from communication and listening skills to attitude and deportment. Describe the level of cooperation with line managers and colleagues required: Line managers play a vital role in businesses as their duties are to ensure that activities are planned and organised in their area that involve a significant risk to the health and safety of staff. Candidates must cooperate effectively to line managers at all times. Describe the level of negotiation in seeking agreement with customers required: Negotiation is essential with customers as potential candidates must be able to negotiate with customers effectively and try to provide the best prices as possible to the customer. Describe the attributes you already possess or expect to posess by the end of course: 1. I will develop the habit of meeting deadlines. 2. I will develop my planning skills in order to prioritise myself for my coursework deadlines. 3. I will try to participate in all team/group activities. 4. I will ensure to communicate effectively with my team mates 5. I will try to practice my presentational skills effectively. 6. I will try to develop my patience. 7. I will try to organise myself by bringing the right equipment to lessons. 8. I will time manage my work and try to ensure to hand all coursework in on time. 9. I will ensure to use my essay skills effectively 10. I will ensure problem solving skills are used to the best ability.

Presentation Critique Essay

To analyze verbal and nonverbal techniques that will enhance oral communication with a business and/ or professional context in this paper, first let look as the verbal communication. Verbal communication happens through the use of words. It must be understood that communication has to depend on the language that has been designed, developed and propagated by humans. As a result, it suffers from a lot of limitation despite the fact that some languages of the world are very developed and command a vast vocabulary. Non-Verbal communication uses signs, signals, gestures, expressions and sounds. In common parlance, nonverbal is also called body language. As a rule, it does not lie or mislead unless someone has mastered the art of deceit or camouflaging. With this basic of taught, verbal communication depends on the language that has been designed or develop, while nonverbal uses signs, signals, expression. Therefore, nonverbal does not lie or mislead. To assess the strength and weakness in the student’s own oral communication and in the other oral communication you must: * Emphasize the practical importance of strong teamwork skill, i.e the value of teamwork skill in (outside) the workplace by offering real-world example of how teams function and illustrating what can go wrong when teamwork skill are weak or strong. * Establish ground rules, i.e. create ground rules for group behavior or ask student’s to do it themselves. Group ground rules can include things such as: return e-mail from group member within 24 to 48 hours, come to meetings on time and prepared, meet deadline, and listen to what your teammates have to say. To write clearly and concisely using proper writing mechanics, you must look at the context of the topic or what the topic ask you to write on. Also write for your audiences to understand. Therefore, do not use back to back words whenever you are write business letter.

Security Design Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Security Design - Research Paper Example that critically need fool proof security solutions include battlefield defences systems, money transaction system, international telephone system, etc. With the lapse of time, system complexities in such environments are rapidly increasing and traditional security paradigms are becoming insufficient. The authors remark that although the â€Å"common V model† (108) framework of determining a system’s lifecycle can still be used as a general starting point, systems thinking must be inducted widely. In order to develop and implement systems thinking to the sphere of complex systems, the systems designer must have a thorough understanding of his/her operational environment. Understanding the subsystem components, hierarchy situation, functional constraints, etc. are also equally important. To achieve this, Alston and Campbell also suggested that the systems designer should develop a range of potential solutions (110). This action can be achieved when divergent thinking and convergent thinking are coalesced with the help of spray diagrams, multiple cause diagrams, etc. Next, systems level designs and techniques must be produced. After that, the implementation scheme must be verified with the help of the techniques like software and hardware testing, validation, etc. Finally, the designing team must adhere to the most flexible â€Å"Systems Engineering policies, processes and tool sets† (Alston and Campbell, 112) that can be used and modified during security emergencies. Alston, Ian and Simon Campbell. â€Å"A systems engineering approach for security system design.† Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Emerging Security Technologies. New York: IEEE, 2010. 107-112.

Building Innovation into Outsourcing Relationship Case Study

Building Innovation into Outsourcing Relationship - Case Study Example Therefore, after identifying the innovation process to be implemented, AlphaCorp must understand how the innovation will be incorporated into the intended operation and or processes (Babin & Schuster, 2012). In other words, it is only through understanding the scope of the innovation that costs and services required to initiate and implement such innovations can be determined and analyzed. Â  AlphaCorp and B&B must distinguish between innovation and continuous improvement in the projects they are running or intend to run towards improving their productivity (Babin & Schuster, 2012). They must ever consider or regard all projects or programs that they have never been working on and are intended to be initiated into their systems as a mean of improving their service deliveries and operations as innovative programs or projective. However, there are some programs and projects that have been operating within the system, but they need to be adjusted on for better results (In Hirschheim et al., 2014). The systematic progress on processes that are already existing programs and projects is known as continuous improvement. Notably, well-intended and drafted projects and programs must give room or ways through which continuous improvement will be conducted on them. Â  Finally, AlphaCorp and B&B must know that innovation must always be carried on already existing productions but not new productions or areas (Babin & Schuster, 2012). In some cases, innovations often fail and if such failures are experienced in new production or areas, it will be highly challenging restore the destroyed image of the product or of the company in the new areas it failed due to failed innovation.

George Washington's Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

George Washington's Leadership - Essay Example extended to matters of communication with his troops and this enabled them have a competitive edge over the Indians and even protected the citizens from these frequent attacks. His extreme courage was immensely seen in the battle ground where he was not afraid to expose himself to the danger of even bullets. There is even one occasion where he was shot at four times during the war but this did not deter him from continuing to fight for his country. This courage extended to his troop and they therefore fought relentlessly and obeyed his orders without doubt. Even after his men were terribly killed and in large numbers at Valley Forge in 1777 and some died from diseases, this defeat and setback did not dishearten his military career or leadership but he continued to fight with renewed courage and determination. This showcased not only a tough man but a persistent one as well who would stop at nothing to see his country liberated (Goldfield, et al 215). His toughness also portrayed when it came to protecting his army without fear or favor and this made him the best military commander and commander in chief even after he became the president. Goldfield, David, Carl Abbot, Virginia Anderson, Jo Ann Argersinger, Peter Argersinger and William Barney. The American Journey: A History of the United States. New Jersey: Pearson Education Limited, 2011.

Maritime piracy along the malacca straits in Southeast Asia Research Paper

Maritime piracy along the malacca straits in Southeast Asia - Research Paper Example Singapore th efeoe ecame a typeically diffent stllemntwioth both Euroeopand and Asian elemntsanndintersts, leading to develop,ntof the Irnum maradduing fgnag thth attcejd Englisgh shipps trading inthis region with a passon leadiong to heacy losses and marginally contgruibuted to declining trade in Singapore at this time ( Wong Lin Ken, 1960 82-83). Singapre as explained was creted as a redistruibutin center by western forces Mills (1966, 223) argue wtht Europen powers emp[loyed draconian approaches to reduce clocal comeotyoninteh area nd enjoy a complte monopoly destroyin the indegneous systems,w hich imprecverisehd he local sn and the merachants, who dweeloped sesdneof ravage and a sense f legitimiston attcks on ships along the strait.t he Maly and ghe Illunun were biter rivals and piracy continued thpoighh atck of ships and was at its peak between 1826 and 1836 (Freeman, 180). There the fact th SIngapiore was a destin f o the west heithned pirate attcks on ships tow the countery an d had almost chocked the port sof Singapore (Freeman, 182). The 1849 bid to elimintate pircacy aliong the striat led by te British though asuslton theassialnts (Freeman, 183) 0was reamrble in crating divides between Sinaopre and the restof the region as a choise fo the westen forces (Mitchel 1976, 178). Piracy thrives ina area where it is culteurally acceptable and in ASoutegh east asia, it has been aemvbraced as as an acceptable way oflivfe eaimed at profvding support for poor local villages (Murphy, 17). This explinsw hry teerrosimis more rampant along Indonesian coast whre poverty is much higher (Young, 61) and is not considered as a global problem (). M,oroever, closelnessof the sttes has been a factrt to heighten sensitvuity ion stte soverignity, which has hampred efforts for cordiotna nd intergraton in coabatig the piracy meannce

Assessment Accommodation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assessment Accommodation - Research Paper Example Accommodation is a word that can be described as an adjustment of the certain environment or a curriculum format to allow an individual to have an access to the learnings that he could gain from it or to somehow to complete the assigned tasks. An example of accommodation is the use of sign language in the teaching-learning process in order for the student to understand the lesson. If accommodation is known to be the â€Å"adjustment† or â€Å"alteration† of the curriculum to accommodate the student’s needs, the modification is the â€Å"change in the curriculum† for the students who cannot go with the actual comprehension process during the class discussion. An example of this is the reduction of the number of assignments for a certain student who has a lower level of comprehension compare to an average student. There are times when teachers commit the mistake of thinking she is in a classroom with the homogenous type of students. However, in reality, students, in general, are heterogeneous. Students have different needs and different weaknesses. Take this status-quo for instance: â€Å"Based on Census and Immigration and Naturalization Services records, it is estimated that there are79 million school-age language minority children in the United States. This bilingual population is distributed throughout the United States with heavier concentrations in the southwest and northeast. The highest concentration is in the large urban areas.† (http://www.teachervision.fen.com) You need to be sure that your student can understand the language or the vocabulary level that is being used in discussing the lesson. If not, it is important to teach them first the essential vocabulary that they need to understand.  Ã‚  

Caregiver's Ethics in the Health Care Setting Research Paper

Caregiver's Ethics in the Health Care Setting - Research Paper Example â€Å"If one compares the literature on various types of child maltreatment, it will become obvious that there is a dearth of information on the concept of child neglect, despite the fact that a large number of children are neglected each year† (Tower, 2002).   Some people are mistaken and do not really think about how children interacting with strangers could be a continuation or extension of abuse from their parents, rather than a sign of risk for the child.   But in this situation of the case, it is the daycare worker who may be guilty of child abuse. The ethics are complicated in this case, though because of the concept of client confidentiality and what it means to healthcare workers.   Confidentiality raises issues between the ethical and legal implications of a relationship between a client and a practitioner as well as between other groups within the nursing, health care, and other environments of interest in terms of the client and engagement and the client-worker relationship, in which ethics should take precedence in cases in which a client is not a threat to anyone.   It remains difficult to maintain confidentiality at times, and attention must be paid to the fact that people should disclose this information later even if the conditions do not seem to be ones that will adversely affect the client. Although privacy and confidentiality are not exactly the same thing, this report must state that information shared to help resolve the issues faced by the client is productive and does not fall under the auspices of confid entiality, because it is a natural sort of dialogue between professionals who are in a helping relationship with the client.   There is the fine line to be drawn in certain situations of client/practitioner confidentiality as well as confidentiality between practitioners and confidentiality in cases like this, which involve possible child abuse.   In some cases, the client has a right to confidentiality, but it may be less important to the client and working relationship that she/he has than the rights of others whom the client may harm.  

Climate Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Climate - Assignment Example The main theme of this article is to offer detailed information regarding the harassment of the weather scientists by various sections of society, especially the fossil fuel industry. Since the scientific community has identified exploitation of fossil fuel as the main reason for global warming, this section of society has been prosecuting them on various levels, in spite of mounting evidence. Climate change can be broadly defined as the long-term time period shift in weather statistics including the average climate (NOAA, 2007). One of main concerns in environmental study is global warming with the continuous increase in temperature all over the world. It is also one of the topics that are hotly debated between various sections of the modern society (US National Academy of Sciences & the Royal Society, 2008). Mann begins by saying that weather scientists who are working in this area are gathering mounting evidences regarding the increase of surface warming all over the world. One such source is the thermometers that are monitoring the changes in hundreds and thousands of locations all over the world and recording those changes at a permanent location. The scientists are also getting indirect estimates from such sources as the ice cores as well as tree rings; for calculation of change in temperature during past years (US National Academy of Sciences & the Royal Society, 2008). Since last few decades, there are many theories that seek to explain the reason of the global warming such as the cycle of sun spots and changes in Earth climate, natural variability of the climate or changes due to human activity. Mann states that as per some climatologists, the main source of global warming is the sun spots and the 11 year Sun–cycle. The energy output of the Sun varies considerably depending on the abundance of some isotopes of beryllium or carbon atoms and number of sunspots. But, as per the evidence that

Deontologism vs. Utilitarianism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Deontologism vs. Utilitarianism - Essay Example It advocates for fair consideration of other people’s interests while undertaking an action. Simply put, utilitarianism states that â€Å"we ought to promote the greatest good for the greatest number of people† or in another form, â€Å"inflict less harm on the least number of people† (Kanniyakonil, 2007, p. 65). A utilitarian would therefore contemplate the possible impacts of his or her action to other members of the society. Based on the doctrine, an act that threatens other people’s stakes is therefore avoided while a beneficial act is promoted. Singer, based on his four principles, argues that â€Å"pain is bad,† consideration into harmful acts should not be discriminatory and should be based on consequences of contemplated actions (Rachels and Rachels, 2007, p. 281). Utilitarianism can be understood from two perspectives, â€Å"act utilitarianism, and rule utilitarianism† (Kanniyakonil, 2007, p. 65). Act utilitarianism is based on each action by a person, which ought to always be consistent with the ethical principle of maximum good. It is defined by the view that good actions leads to good rather than harmful results. Act utilitarianism therefore judges actions from the specific consequences of a particular act, or intentions into such consequences rather an existing moral value (Kanniyakonil, 2007). ... The two approaches therefore differ with respect to time of determination of what is good and what is evil. While action utilitarianism determines morality upon an action or upon contemplation of an act, rule utilitarianism pre determines morality upon conception of an ethical value in a society (Kanniyakonil, 2007). Utilitarianism is further understood from four philosophical perspectives, â€Å"‘welfarism’, ‘consequentialism’, aggregative, and maximizing† (Kanniyakonil, 2007, p. 66). According to welfarism, utilitarianism is fundamentally determined by the resultant good from an initiative. Cosequensialism on the other hand focuses on the impacts of an act as opposed to its nature. Consequential theory therefore evaluates and determines an action with respect to available alternatives to the action and approves the most beneficial alternative. Aggregative and maximizing concepts of utilitarianism are on the other hand based on the view that even the most beneficial alternative is associated with possible reservations into unhappiness (Kanniyakonil, 2007). Associated problems Utilitarianism, regardless of its assumed appeal to maximum good from actions, has a number of associated problems. One of the problems faced under utilitarianism, and with respect to determination of the best alternative for maximum good is its reliance on probability. This means that there is no accurate measure of possible good to justify utilitarian approach to determining ethics (Kanniyakonil, 2007). Rachels and Rachels also identify a number of problems that seems to undermine the basic principles and assumptions of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is for instance associated with injustice. This based on the difference in scope between morality and law. In

The Australia immigrant entrepreneurship Essay Example for Free

The Australia immigrant entrepreneurship Essay Australia, one of the most cosmopolitan of contemporary western societies, has a long history of immigrant entrepreneurship, with many ethnic groups significantly over-represented in entrepreneurial activities, particularly in the small business sector of the Australian economy. Immigrant enterprises, mainly small businesses, generate significant economic growth, employment opportunities and import export activity across a broad range of industries in Australia. The experiences of immigrant entrepreneurs in Australia vary considerably, with diversity in pathways to immigrant entrepreneurship in Australia evident for both male and female immigrant entrepreneurs. This means that `one size will not fit all, pointing to the need for a diverse, complex policy response to immigrant entrepreneurship in Australia today. In Australia, immigrants have a slightly higher rate of entrepreneurship (18.8%) than non immigrants (16.3%). However, some immigrant groups, such as the Koreans, have much higher rates of entrepreneurship compared to non-immigrants and other immigrant groups. In order to understand the dynamics of immigrant entrepreneurship (Waldinger et al., 2010), stressed the importance of understanding the interaction between the group characteristics of immigrant communities and the opportunity structure in their host country when they settled. This in turn helps explain the rates of entrepreneurship and the characteristics of immigrant enterprises. Light and Rosenstein (2009) developed the concept of group characteristics in more detail. Immigrants draw on ethnic resources, they argued, which include ‘ethnic ideologies, industrial paternalism, solidarity, social networks, ethnic institutions and social capital’. Immigrants also have access to class and other resources that they bring to entrepreneurship and to the ‘ethnic economy’ (Light and Gold 2010). Immigrant entrepreneurship continued to be a feature in Australia in the post-1945 period as Australia embarked on a large scale immigration program that delivered nearly 7 million immigrants, with immigrants a greater proportion of the Australian population than most other western nations (OECD 2011). The ethnic diversity of contemporary Australian society is reflected in the Australian small business sector. In Australia, as in other countries, restaurants, food and other retailing are areas of the economy with a strong immigrant presence (Collins and Low 2010). Australia is shaped by the intersection of a number of factors: ethnic resources and networks, class resources, regimes of regulation, inclusion/exclusion, opportunity, gender, radicalization and family. Collins and Low (2010) argued that while the international research rightly stressed the extent to which immigrant entrepreneurship is embedded in family relationships with immigrant women playing an important role in their husband’s businesses, it is important to recognize the many immigrant women themselves become entrepreneurs in their own right. One key fact that emerges from the Australian research is the increasing diversity of the paths to immigrant entrepreneurship (Collins 2009). Some immigrants arrive in Australia as successful business migrants with ample start-up capital. Other immigrants arrive with high professional and educational qualifications to enable them to fill labour shortages in the corporate sector, though minority immigrants often reach an ‘accent ceiling’ that constrains their promotion opportunities. Others tread the ‘traditional’ path from low-wage jobs to entrepreneurship. Finally, some immigrants see entrepreneurship as an alternative to unemployment and take advantage of federal government programs to assist the unemployed to establish business enterprise. The Australian research on immigrant entrepreneurship (Collins, 2009) shows that there is increasing diversity in the paths that new immigrants take to entrepreneurship: some were previously unemployed, while others were manual labourers before opening a small business. Some must attain university qualifications that are prerequisites for entering the professions (such as doctors, dentists, accountants and lawyers) and opening a private practice, others leave corporate jobs to become entrepreneurs, while still others, business migrants were already established as entrepreneurs before migrating to Australia. The Australian research also points to a diversity of class background among and between birthplace groups of immigrant entrepreneurs (Collins, 2011) and a great diversity in educational achievement. Australian immigrant enterprises are very diverse, and so policy is required to respond to that diversity. While many immigrant enterprises produce or sell ethnic products such as food, coffee or artifacts, many others do not. Immigrant entrepreneurs are spread across the economy, with businesses in the services sector of the economy, including retail, real estate, finance, media and tourism. Others are professionals such as doctors, dentists and architects who run their own private practices. The Federal Australian Government promotes immigrant entrepreneurship directly though it’s permanent and temporary immigration policy (Collins, 2011). Australia introduced an Entrepreneurial Migration Category in November 1976 to allow immigrant entrepreneurs with detailed business proposals and capital to enter Australia under the permanent migration programme as migrant settlers. Over the years this policy has been fine-tuned in the wake of the identification of anomalies in the programme. Evaluations of this programme suggest that it is largely successful. Today business owners, senior executives and investors can apply for a visa under the Business Skills category. The main problem appears to be in attracting a sufficient number of entrants under this category, with Australia facing strong competition from other Western countries, including Canada. In March 2003 three Business Skills Processing Centres were opened and a two-stage process was introduced, whereby business migrants are granted a Business Skills (Provisional) visa for four years. If they establish a business or maintain their legal investment over the four-year period they become eligible to apply for a Business Skills (Residence) visa, an entrepreneurial pathway to permanent residence in Australia. A direct permanent residence category is still available for high-calibre business migrants sponsored by State and Territory governments, known as the Business Talent visa. In addition to these immigration policy initiatives, a number of Federal Government agencies assist immigrant entrepreneurship, directly or indirectly. One Federal scheme, the New Enterprise Incentive Scheme (NEIS), was designed to assist cash-poor unemployed people in entering the setting-up phase of a business enterprise, allowing them to take advantage of business training and draw on future unemployment benefits during the period in which the business enterprise is being established. The State governments play a key role in the regulation of enterprises in Australia, including those owned by immigrants. These regulations relate to issues such as health and safety requirements and employment conditions, including wages, impacting on immigrant and non-immigrant entrepreneurs. For example, a decision in the 1980s to permit outdoor dining in the State of New South Wales meant that al fresco eating became possible for the first time. Today many immigrant enterprises are concentrated in the food industry, with ethnic restaurants and cafes, most with outdoor tables, in evidence across metropolitan and regional Australia. Ethnic precincts are key spatial sites though, significantly, not the only sites of the ethnic economy in the city (Collins, 2011). In central or suburban parts of the city, ethnic precincts are essentially clusters of ethnic or immigrant entrepreneurs in areas of the city that are designated as ethnic precincts by place marketers and Government officials. They are characterized by the presence of a substantial number of immigrant or ethnic entrepreneurs who populate the streets of the precinct selling food, goods or services to co-ethnics and non-co ethnics alike. Ethnic precincts come in a number of forms. Often they tend to be associated with one ethnic group, as evinced by districts. Each of these ethnic precincts has been developed with the financial and marketing support of local government. Ethnic festivals become key moments in promoting the precinct to a broader clientele, including tourists. Promotion of ethnic festivals is a key element of any strategy to promote immigrant entrepreneurship. Policies designed to develop and promote ethnic precincts (Collins and Kunz, eds,2010), the ethnic economy and urban ethnic tourism(Rath, ed, 2010) will, in turn, help the immigrant entrepreneurs whose small businesses are located in clusters in particular. The important growth in female immigrant entrepreneurship in Australia, like other countries, also suggests a need for policies to be sensitive to matters related to intersection of ethnicity and gender. This area requires further research in Australia. Moreover, minorities face barriers in respect to language difficulties and racism and prejudice, issues that do not confront non-immigrant entrepreneurs. References Collins, J and Low. A. (2010)â€Å"Asian female immigrant entrepreneurs in Small and Mediumsized Businesses in Australia†, Entrepreneurship Regional Development, Volume 22 Issue 1, January 2010, pp 97-111. Collins, J. (2009), â€Å"Ethnic Diversity Down Under: Ethnic Precincts in Sydney†, International Journal of Diversity in Organisations, Communities and Nations, no. 4, pp. 1043-53. Collins, J. and Kunz, P. (2010), â€Å"Ethnic entrepreneurs, ethnic precincts and tourism: The case of Sydney, Australia† in Richards, G. (ed.), Tourism Creativity and Development, London and New York: Routledge, pp. 201-14. Collins, J. (2011), â€Å"Ethnic Diversity Down Under: Ethnic Precincts in Sydney†, International Journal of Diversity in Organisations, Communities and Nations, no. 4, pp. 1043-53. Collins, J. and Kunz, P. (2010), â€Å"Ethnic entrepreneurs, ethnic precincts and tourism: The case of Sydney, Australia† in Richards, G. (ed.), Tourism Creativity and Development, London and New York: Routledge, pp. 201-14. Light, I. and Rosenstein, C. (2009), Race, Ethnicity and Entrepreneurship in Urban America, Aidine de Gruyter, New York.Light, I. and Gold, S. J. (2010), Ethnic Economies, Academic Press, San Deigo.OECD (2010), Open for Business: Migrant Entrepreneurship in OECD Countries, OECD Publishing, Paris.OECD (2011), International Migration Outlook: SOPEMI 2011, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/migr_outlook-2011-en Rath, J. (ed.) (2010), Tourism, Ethnic Diversity and the City, New York: Routledge. Stromback, T. and Malhotra, R. (1994), Socioeconomic Linkages of South Asian Immigrants with their Country of Origin, Canberra: Australian GovernmentPublishing Service. Rezaei (2011) Royal delicacies at peasant prices: cross-national differences, common grounds towards an empirically supported theory of the informal economic activities ofmigrants. World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 2011, vol. 7, issue 2, pages 109-154 Waldinger, R., Aldrich, H., Ward, R. and Associates (2010), Ethnic Entrepreneurs Immigrant Business in Industrial Societies, Sage, Newbury Park, London, New Delhi. Source document

The Misuse of Benzodiazepine

The Misuse of Benzodiazepine Introduction Benzodiazepine (BZD) misuse is a serious public health problem because it puts patients at higher risk of life-threatening drug overdoses for a long time.(Kevin W Chen,2011).In any case,the combination of effectiveness and risks of long-term use is the reason why BZD and other Tranquilizer drugs are too dangerous to deal with in clinical practice.Despite the fact that scientists have tried very hard to find an explanation for this issue, there is no recent study to assess how serious the problem is.However, BZD has killed a lot of people who use it for wrong purpose. The number of people taking prescribed BZD worldwide is considerable and over 1 million people in the UK are on long-term. (Dr Chris Ford,2014). For instance, Whitney Houston is the famous person who died because of BZD abuse. She died at the age of 48, which alarms the whole world . Whiney Houston’s cause of death (Xanax is one kind of Benzodiazepine) BZD do not indicate for a long-term treatment of anxiety or insomnia like some people who have misunderstanded. Long-term use can cause withdrawal symptoms in many people. Withdrawal symptoms can be considered as including three main groups: anxiety symptoms, distorted perceptions and major incidents.Treatment can be divided into three options: talking therapies, cognitive behavioural therapies and self-help. Self-help is the most important in this three options so the result depends much on patients endeavour. Situation Benzodiazepines are a type ofmedicationknown as tranquilizers. Familiar names include Valium and Xanax. They are some of the most commonly prescribed medications in the United States. When people withoutprescriptionsobtain and take these drugs for their sedating effects, use turns into abuse.Scientific name of this symptom is Benzodiazepines misuse or Benzodiazepines drug abuse (Joseph Goldberg,2014). BZD is used by two main populations: low-dose prescribed benzodiazepine users and high-dose, non-prescribed benzodiazepine abusers. In the first population, two kinds of patients who misuse the BZD are pointed out by Professor Heather Ashton in his scientific research about drug abuse.First, there are many patients who are prescribed BZD for short term but then using as long-term drugs by the instruction of doctors. As Professor Ashton mentioned in his book, this kind of patients estimated at 4 million people in the U.S. and it is likely that half of them are dependent.Four million people is quite a significant number that is enough to raise our attention on this issue. Morever, there are lots of patients who are prescribed BZD but then increase the dose on their own. â€Å"The more the better† is frequently a fundamental thinking of patients who misuse the dose of BZD. Benzodiazepine abuse is a growing problem and carries serious risks to health and society. Professor C Heather Ashton In the second population, Non-prescribed benzodiazepine abusers (NBA) is the term used to describe patients who are use BZD for arbitrary purposes. Without the instruction of doctor, NBA use BZD frequently for recreational purpose that lead them to be addicted. Table 1. Some benzodiazepines used recreationally (UK, Europe and USA) Generic name Brand name (UK) Potency (approximate dose equivalent to 10mg diazepam) Alprazolam Xanax 0.5 Bromazepam Lexotan 5 Chlordiazepoxide Librium 25 Diazepam Valium 10 Flunitrazepam Rohypnol 1 Flurazepam Dalmane 15-30 Ketazolam1 Anxon 15-30 Lorazepam Ativan 1 Medazepam1 Nobrium 10 Nitrazepam Mogadon 10 Oxazepam Serenid 20 Prazepam1 Centrax 15 Temazepam Normison, Euhypnos 20 Triazolam1 Halcion 0.5 (Zopiclone)2 Zimovane) (15) (Zolpidem)2 (Stilnoct) (20) Notes No longer in British National Formulary. Non-benzodiazepine hypnotics with similar actions to benzodiazepines; may have abuse liability. In the US, flunitrazepam have become popular because of diversion of supplies across the Mexican border .Potent benzodiazepines such as triazolam (no longer available in the UK), alprazolam (widely prescribed in the US) and lorazepam have a good position in NBA’c choice. These drugs are popular among sedatives such as valium (diazepam a particular pharmaceutical, like seduxen) and xanax (alprazolam scientific name, is a very powerful sedative often used in cases of severe insomnia ) has been misused and cause many adverse consequences. The use of sedatives such as drugs and marijuana to stimulate the brain has led to many scandals in the world of celebrity publicity curious about the effects of this class of drugs.Furthermore, some people not just use Benzodiazepine singly. According to the research of DAWN in 2002, there are 78% of user who have used more than one tranquiziler . Using several drugs at the same time as benzodiadepine, tranquilizers, narcotic, antidepressants, can cause drowsiness, falls and some other negative effect on your health that you would not know briefly. Problems BZD rarely used as recreational drugs which make user feel â€Å"high† .In the recent research, BZD is described to be valued on the same level as Cocaine or Alcohol. There is no doubt that it is difficult to estimate the extent of their ability to induce euphoria with psychic dependence and active drug-seeking behavior.(Doctor Cole JO,1990) The different types of BZD will have different effects on the body and on the extent of the time . Patients who use BZD simultaneously with heroin, alcohol or other addictive substances. The combined use of drugs is too dangerous because it is easy to lead to fatal cases for users. Impact of BZD to users depends on the following factors: The dose used (how many pills) Height, weight of the user Health status of users Experience using drugs before Have they used BZD with other addictive substances ? How to use (oral or injection) Using BZD individually or sharing with others Using BZD at home or at party Another study published in the BMJ paper in 2012 warned the wide use of benzodiazepine. The study concluded that the frequent use of drugs containing benzodiazepines are related to the risk of dementia.These studies have confirmed the use of benzodiazepines for long periods can adversely affect human perception and cause cognitive decline leading to dementia. The present study has shown the related connection between Benzodiazepines with the onset of dementia and Alzheimers disease. Alzheimer is the most common form of dementia syndromeandits disease is a condition that affects the brain, thinking and human behavior. A study published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ) has considered the relationship between the risk of Alzheimers disease and those who use benzodiazepines frequently. 1796 people,who were followed for a period of 5 years before they are tested, are diagnosed Alzheimer. Benzodiazepines is addictive and can cause severe withdrawal symptoms. It activates neurotransmitters in the same way as opium and marijuana. When users stop taking antidepressant drugs, they become extremely anxious. Withdrawal is possible in most patients who are dependent on benzodiazepines once problems related to prolonged use of benzodiazepines and other drugs are explained and discussed. Consideration needs to be given as to when and how to detoxify and extra help and services may be needed. Many people depend on BZD drugs find out that decreasing the dose of Benzodiazepine is very difficult due to the appearance of a withdrawal syndrome when the expression of discomfort occurs due to abrupt discontinuation. The manifestation of withdrawal syndrome include : Seizures Difficulty sleeping Worry, anxiety, stress Confusion and depression Feeling anxious, think others want to harm you Panic and feel extremely anxious Alienated, do not want to be close to others. Withdrawal symptoms can be dangerous. Besides affecting physical health, it also has a negative impact on the mental health of patients with symptoms caused prolonged and dangerous symptom for them.Since using BZD for a long period of time to satisfy the addiction, many patients died suddenly while using the drug. FIGURE 1. Percentage of opioid pain reliever and benzodiazepine drug abuse–related emergency department visits in the United States and drug-related deaths in 13 states that involved alcohol, by age group — Drug Abuse Warning Network, 2010 The numbers in the chart FIGURE 1 are also the statistics of cancer patients who took an overdose of Benzodiazepine. In 2010, the percentage of ED visits that involved OPRs and alcohol was highest among persons aged 30–44 years (20.6%) and 45–54 years (20.0%).For the percentage of benzodiazepine ED visits was highest among persons aged 45–54 years (31.1%). Among OPR deaths, persons aged 40–49 years (25.2%) and 50–59 years (25.3%) had the highest percentage of alcohol involvement. For benzodiazepine-related deaths, the highest percentage (27.7%) was among persons aged ≠¥60 years.From the chart, it can be concluded that aged 45-54 are much needed medical care due to abuse Benzodiazepine.Anxiety is one of the reasons for people of this age often have to use Benzodiazepines regularly. Due to the nature of work and the burden of earning money that they constantly faced with the stress of work and life that makes them easy to fall into a state of str ess, anxiety and insomnia also. Therefore, Benzodiazepines are frequently used as a drug to help them overcome such bad condition. Obviously, the use is so spontaneous, rarely comes from the prescription of doctors so it often causes serious problems affecting the health of workers. Long-term use easily become a habit and start adversely affect their health.It also lead to the problem that the chart showed above.Aged Upper 60 has the highest rate which means that Drug ,such as Benzodiazepine, is a major cause of their death. That is the consequence of using too much Benzodiazepine or some other Opioid Pain Relievers among the aged 30-44 and 45-54. Generally , besides the beneficial effects to the treatment, there are many problems that Benzodiazepines cause to the users . Solution When prescribed for severe insomnia or disabling anxiety, the guidance is clear that benzodiazepines should only be given for short-term relief (2–4 weeks), which may occur alone or in association with short-term psychosomatic, organic, or psychiatric illness. They should be used in the lowest dose and for the shortest time. Benzodiazepines and other similar drugs are not indicated for the long-term treatment of anxiety or insomnia, unless in rare cases where the patient has been proven to have treatment-resistant anxiety or insomnia, i.e. resistant to psychological therapies and nonaddictive medications. The decision to prescribe in these circumstances is usually made by a specialist. The use of benzodiazepines is inappropriate to treat short-term mild anxiety. As mentioned in the Introduction part, talking therapies is one of useful cures for who suffer from withdrawal symptom. Talking therapies involve talking to someone who is trained to help you deal with your negative feelings. They can help anyone who is experiencing distress. You do not have to be told by a doctor that you have a mental health problem to be offered or benefit from a talking therapy. The therapy helps the patients facing their feelings and thoughts that lead them to feel insecure, afraid and the effect they have on their behaviour and mood. Describing what’s going on in your head can help you notice any patterns which it may be helpful to change.It can help you work out where your negative feelings and ideas come from and why they are there. Understanding all this can help people make positive changes by thinking or acting differently. Talking therapies can help people to take greater control of their lives and improve their confidence so that people do not need any medicines like Benzodiazepine help themselves.(Mental Health Foundation) For the second option , Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment performed either individually or in small groups, and has been found in some cases not only to be as effective as short-term prescription medication but may last beyond the withdrawal fromactive treatment. Cognitive behavior therapy has become increasingly popular in recent years with both mental health consumers and treatment professionals. Because CBT is usually a short-term treatment option, it is often more affordable than some othertypes of therapy. CBT is also empirically supported and has been shown to effectively help patients overcome a wide variety of maladaptive behaviors. The last treatmenat can be pointed out is self-help . Any illness will be cured very quickly if the patient attempts to overcome it. By increasing your self-awareness capabilities, self-help efforts can help you learn to recognize potential problems before they occur (or at least early on in their progression) so that you can head them off before they become substantial .This solution is really essential in treatment procedure . There is a quote : â€Å"If you try hard you can succeed in reaching your goal† . It is the truth that no one can disagree. For more information, there are some basic solutions that people should know to have a good first aid for who suffer from overdose use of Benzodiazepine in emergency. Overdose is a condition occurs when the dose exceeds the tolerance of the body. If only use pure benzo drugs, but if used in combination with other drugs such as alcohol, heroin, or methadone, is likely a drug overdose and death. When someone with a drug overdose, besides the need to be alert and perform the following actions: Call 115 victims immediately or take patient to the nearest medical facility. Always on the side of the victim Try to calm , do not panic Find ways to keep victims province, helped victims go around, talk to the victim. If the patient is unconscious, check if the victim is breathing or not. It is important to make clear the airway for the victim. If the patient has stopped breathing, blow into the victims mouth (CPR). Let the patient lying on lean posture , then wait for an ambulance . Evaluation The use of sedative drugs (ATGN) often remarkably effective, to quickly get deep sleep. However, overuse or prolonged use of this class of drugs often cause unwanted consequences, affect the health of users. There are some solutions that I pointed out above which is really helpful for patients who misues Benzodiazepine . In my point of view, Talking therapies and self help are two main treatment that people can easily prefer , like what I mentioned in Introduction, self help has significant role in the process of treatment because no one can help you better than yourself . Self help often has some benefits : Self help is free of cost. Patients do not have to pay for treatment since it is individual treatment. Self help help patients intensify their brain’s work , steering themselves away from bad decision. Such as overusing Benzodiazepines. Lance Armstrong is a practical example. In 1996, he was diagnosed with testicular cancer with a tumor has spread to the brain and lungs, and the initial prognosis is bad. The process of his cancer treatments included brain and testicular surgery, chemotherapy prolonged. Though suffering from the deadly disease but he overcame it in spectacular way to return to the race .In 1999, he won Tour de France for the first time and keep this position 7 times in a row, was recorded in the history of cycling. In conclusion, Lance overcame the cancer mainly because of his endeavour. He tried his best to maitain his spirit, his mind during the treatment and he was successful. On the other hand, talking therapy is also a good choice for patients who suffer from using Benzodiazepine overdose that lead to withdrawal symptom. Talking about your thoughts and feelings can help you deal with times when you feel troubled about something. If you turn a worry over and over in your mind, the worry can grow.But talking about it can help you work out what is really bothering you and explore what you could do about it.Talking is an important part of our relationships. It can strengthen your ties with other people and help you stay in good mental health that is needed for the physical treatment . Conclusion Benzodiazepine misuse is an international issue which alarms people all over the world. The number of dead people because of overusing Benzodiazepines ,which is stated in Figure 1 Chart, is really considerable. Patients and prescribers alike commonly understand benzodiazepines poorly. Generally, patients find them helpful and would like doctors to prescribe them but patients need to be made fully aware of the problems they cause, particularly long-term use. Just because benzodiazepines are effective and reduce suffering quickly, does not mean that they are the best treatment to give.As what I introduced, there is not just one problem by using Benzodiazepine overdose. Dementia, cancer and withdrawal symptoms are three problems that I mentioned in Part 4. People may take benzodiazepines to try to relax, reduce withdrawal symptoms involved with other drugs, or enhance the effects of another drug or substance. Young people may self-medicate for internal pain and distress. They may see th eir parents taking medication and think this ist he way to solve their own problems and become dependent on BZD. Self help and talking therapy is two good option of treatment that steer patient far away from drugs like Benzodiazepines. In conclusion, using risky drug ,like Benzodiazepine, frequently is not a good habit . Everything has 2 sides .Thus, how to use Benzodiazepine effetively is still be a difficult question for people.

Business Network Transformation

Business Network Transformation It is nearly impossible to imagine any company in this global economy that operates isolated and does not interact with suppliers, partners and vendors at some stage. This global ecosystem is remoulding relationships between companies in new and often uncomfortable ways. Companies are organizing collaborative partnerships globally to support their business operations locally. That extends their business value and gain competitive advantage. These enterprises are seeing beyond conventional business boundaries to lower costs, increase profit and improve quality of service they provide by tapping into applications, personnel, and infrastructure irrespective of where they reside. So, companies are looking to gain competitive advantage by leveraging these novel opportunities arose from intercompany interactions. Though Business Network Transformation is not a new concept, this idea had been kept apart from action due to IT limitations. Companies traditionally focused on customers, internal processes and cost cutting to differentiate their business in this ecosystem. But IT has changed this perception recently. Enhanced IT capabilities for communication, collaboration and information sharing caused increasing global competition. Companies realised a new way of doing business working together while working for others. Examining their value chains and understanding this competitive weapon resulted in formation of Business Networks. This paper contains the following topics; Business Network transformation explained with example How IT helps business networks and role of IT in business network transformation Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) explained with 3 success stories Relating Service Oriented Architecture to Enterprise Resource Planning packages Conclusion Business Network Transformation According to Philip Lay and Geoffrey Moore, Business Networks are groups of companies that work together toward a specific objective for mutual financial benefit. The example below helps to understand Business Network Transformation. Business network of Cellular Phone Company: Partners: Mobile handset makers, Chipset provider, Network switching manufacturer, Contract manufacturers, Wireless carriers, Routing Vendors, Application enablers, Service providers voicemail, email, mobile search, banking, video streaming etc., Advertisers banks, pharmaceuticals, CPG companies etc., Consumers mobile phone owners, dealers enterprises etc. Strategic Objective: A multi channel marketing strategy to transit from manufacturing handsets and equipment to a software service provider. Business process and IT implications: Demand data should be visible to ensure high level of retail stock through rapid supply chain response. This implies binding marketing programs and sell-out data to improve marketing return on investment. This example shows a company with collaborating partners in a business network and their strategic objective to transformation. As the definition of business networks has become known to everyone, the pace in which these networks are created and transformed and what IT resources are needed for this transition became a challenge. Role of IT in Business Network Transformation Potential to compete in this global market depends on businesss network of people and flexible processes. New technologies like Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and Software as a Service (SaaS) enable these networks to amplify opportunities and flourish. Effective and efficient communication by sharing information across its ecosystem of suppliers, employees, customers and distributors is enabled by implementing such service oriented architecture and services. Utilising these capabilities, companies can provide improved customer experience due to improved intercompany interaction. These potentials also enable seamless interaction with intra company systems focusing on improving value chain. Taking full advantage of these global opportunities from business networks and becoming globally integrated enterprise demands high level of flexibility. Businesses need to merge newly acquired business potentials and technologies with legacy applications. Existing IT infrastructure must be adaptable to changes in business models and must be ready to accommodate them. Information is already being shared internally across departments within the business but now it has to be shared externally across business partners, across countries and continents. Business processes must be agile and consistent alignment between business and IT is critical. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA): Service oriented architecture (SOA) enables business organizations to achieve this agility needed to compete in global ecosystem. It divides the business into functional components that are easy to be drawn together quickly and economically. They are flexible enough to reuse in meaningful combinations to meet evolving business needs. These components are called Services. These combinations of services enable efficient collaboration and communication across company lines and unearth information buried within business processes. According to IBM, Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is A business-centric IT architectural approach that supports integrating your business as linked, repeatable business tasks, or services. Service oriented architecture is essentially collection of services. These services are loosely coupled and implemented in standard ways. In other words, caller needs no knowledge of the technology or location of service provider. For example Create invoice as a service can be invoked by any other business unit or from any business application when invoice needs to be created. SAP defined Enterprise SOA as A blue print for an adaptable, flexible and open IT architecture for developing services-based, modular business solutions. Three features of an SOA: These three features provide value in a business by implementing SOA. Software reuse: Reusing components is one of the important advantages of SOA. Reusable components enable companies to avoid redundancy. For example a business has many functional silos and each silo usually needs information from other silo such as customer information or invoice. When these silos are using disparate technologies and are operating on different platforms, they need duplicate instances of this information in each silo. SOA creates single version of such services which can be shared across all functional silos. Composite applications: Composite applications are new cross-functional applications formed by combining functionality from many existing systems. For example, SOA enables companies to provide a single point access to a range of products through a self service portal for business partners. Usually this portal might be a combination of different processes with different technologies supported by IT services. Standard interface: Caller of a service does not need to have knowledge about services location or technology platform on which it was developed. Interface to services in SOA takes standard form. This facilitates a flexibility to run services where they are needed irrespective of location and technology with greater ease. It can also increase IT efficiency, improve quality of service and reduce costs. Coming to business partners, these loosely coupled, standard interfaced services provide extra benefits. Partner need not to be aware of progress of implementation of a service, as SOA provides transparency of location and technology. Standard interface enables partners to call a service having minimum information about the service. In essence, the below are the benefits fall into three business categories: Business Effectiveness: Business agility Greater speed in responsiveness to market Competitive advantage Improved business process efficiency Accuracy in deployment of resources according to business needs Cost factor: Maintenance costs are reduced Minimum skills and efforts needed for business change Optimized price due to choice of platform, technology and location Risk factor: Incremental deployment Enhanced IT quality Optimized payback times Enterprise Resource Planning and Service Oriented Architecture: A single system capable of accommodating business data which is centralised and accessible across all functional areas in the company was the basic concept of ERP. Before ERP era, data would flow across business units but not stored in one system. The single system was the selling point of all ERP vendors like SAP, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle etc. ERP implementation requires no service work to integrate smaller components but ERP implementation normally required greater customization. Without customization, ERP software packages seldom matched business processes and getting to the ready to work status. Though implementing ERP results many advantages, it has few drawbacks in terms of cost, customization and timeline for implementation. So ERP implementation and support are expensive and time consuming. It is also costly in the area of upgrading because it is tightly coupled package. The evolution of Service oriented architecture concept focused on these pitfalls of ERP. The Enterprise appl ication vendors used client server technology in 1990s and web client technology in 2000s. Now they are transiting to Service oriented architecture approach to ERP. This blend of ERP based on SOA is the best of breed approach facilitating customers to have more options to select services from any vendor. SOA can be said as father of modern IT architectures. Due to this combination, ERP components became services in Service oriented architecture. The below two are leading ERP vendors who recently released their ERP package based on SOA, SAP Enterprise SOA: SAP NetWeaver is the new product based on SOA. SAP NetWeaver is a platform on which other components such as Finances, Human Resource, Business Intelligence, Business process outsourcing etc are implemented. It boasts the advantages based on its SOA features such as web connections, Business network transformation etc. Oracle Oracle Fusion Middleware: Fusion Middleware is Oracles product based on SOA. It is a family of products seamlessly integrated to run agile business applications. Business Intelligence, User Interface, Content management, SOA Process Management etc. are components in this package. IBM Smart SOA: Smart SOA is a set of guiding principles derived from solidified best practices and documented projects. They have created entry points to each of their products such as Business Intelligence, BPM etc. These entry points are undertaking well defined, focused and individual project to meet individual business need. The role of SOA in Business Network Transformation can be easily understood from the success stories below. Ergon takes oil business to the web Ergon is United States based Petroleum Company. It is a privately owned company with 2,500 employees. It specializes in petroleum products with up and downstream operations like refineries, sales and final trucking. Business need: Ergon wanted to integrate internal processes to improve access to the information and to deliver that information to its customer. The company wanted to introduce self service portals and automated workflows to accelerate budget approval processes. Solution: Ergon has more than 50 operations within the business and each of which is a distinguished profit centre that reports back to the headquarters. They implemented SAP business workflow on existing SAP infrastructure to support purchasing and to automate approval of requisitions. Ergon also implemented IBM TotalsStorage DS6800 and changed its databases to IBM D2 facilitating upgrade their ERP to SAP ECC 6.0 in future. Benefits: Enterprise wide: SAP standardized their business processes. SAP enabled Ergons employees to gain consolidated view of individual workflow and to make better deals with their vendors. SAP ECC 6.0 based on SAP NetWeaver fetches more options for Ergon in the future. Portals enabled users to view core functionality tailored close to business needs. SAP NetWeaver created single enterprise platform. They could successfully align their business needs with their SAP ERP solution with greater flexibility and helping Ergons transition to SOA. Business flow: Ergon implemented SAP business workflow to support purchasing process as part of its ongoing enhancements to internal efficiency. SAP workflow tool accelerated approval of requisition process. This saved lot of administrative time by generating automated routing and emails. SAP business workflow reduced administrative workload and accelerated purchasing. After successful implementation of workflow tool and gained benefits from it, Ergon is now looking to extend this tool into other functional areas such as human resources. Storage Performance: Information access rates were improved and they saved 10-12 hours per weekend on database maintenance. This enabled freeing technical staff and to achieve better throughput for live users. They could increase the access up to 17 times faster than before. DS 6800 made reports and transactions through SAP applications run much more quickly. Storage performance is increased with new storage systems DS6800 and DB2 for business critical SAP systems. Stability: SAP and IBM worked together and IBMs DB2 is constantly supporting SAP applications. As performance and availability have become important aspects in extending SAP applications to more functional areas, this combination of SAP applications and IBM DB2 on IBM hardware using AIX operating system is helping Ergon to deliver excellent response times. Bezeq setup SOA: Bezeq is Israel based leading telecommunications provider. It is a privately owned company with 7,700 employees and with revenue of US $ 1 Billion. Its product and services range includes, domestic, international and cellular phone services, internet and data communication services. Business need: Bezeq wanted to maintain focus on new vision that is customer facing. In the highly competitive industry they wanted to keep their market shares regulated tightly. Field technicians needed equipment with mobile capabilities such as to prepare electronic bills, or customer receipts etc. They also planned to architect a reusable set of web services. Their objectives were to avoid constraints of location with handheld mobile devices and to provide application developers with a reusable set of services. Solution: Bezeq implemented SAP NetWeaver technology platform including exchange infrastructure, enterprise portal components and Web Dynpro development environment for mobile computing. Benefits: Enterprise wide: End to end business process integration was made possible by implementing SAP NetWeaver. This platform also enabled real time monitoring of field repair procedures. As NetWeaver is based on SOA, Bezeq was able to achieve improvements in processes surrounding service calls. Bezeq achieved speed in service completion from assignment to invoice. It has time to focus on streamlining its core telecommunications processes. Avoiding constraints of physical location: Field technicians are given PDAs to receive service calls through which they can order replenishments which also updates central inventory and customer records. They can use these PDAs from their homes and even while travelling. They can even get work related messages and use their cars as local and mobile warehouse for receiving and distributing parts to customers. Reusable services: For mobile computing, team has chosen Web Dynpro development environment. It is actually to program technician PDAs to access directly SAP NetWeaver portal component. Access to back end functionality that calls to the back end SAP system was encapsulated as reusable we services. Reduction in costs and risk in terms of both time and money is ensured by this use of encapsulated web services that is also flexible and reusable. Business model evaluation: Equipment and supplies are optimally allocated and managed using tools that technicians use. Company eliminated hour long scheduling session and consequently saved significant amount of money. They started saving 3, 250 hours a week. Bezeq has also reduced average response times to service requests from 6 days to 2 working days that should help increase customer satisfaction. Wipro Technologies helps its customers to make it quick Wipro Technologies is a division of Wipro Limited, the first global IT services organization to be certified in PCMM level 5 and SEI CMM level 5 and with annual revenue is US $4.3 Billion and 99,965 employees. They are one of the largest product engineering and support service providers globally. They have comprehensive research and development and provide IT solutions and services like systems integration, information systems outsourcing, software application development, package implementation and maintenance services. Business need: Wipro wanted to improve business process agility so as to improve customer experience for large automotive manufacturer in North America to increase competitive advantage. They also wanted to avoid difficulties involved in service level agreements in the areas of service contracts, monitoring agreements and track design times by deploying IT management tools. Wipro planned to increase security level in exposing IT services of the auto manufacturer. Solution: Wipro implemented Oracle products and services including Oracle Fusion Middleware, Oracle SOA suit including web services manager and BPEL process manager. They also implemented Oracle Enterprise manager an ERP solution that includes Tuning pack, Diagnostics pack, Management pack for SOA and Configuration management pack. Benefits: Enterprise wide: Oracles customer, the automotive manufacturer could roll out new services quickly and leveraged existing IT infrastructure and investments. They could successfully manage the implementation including services by various stakeholders, business units and vendors. Business to consumer portal enabled Wipros customer to access information online. They also gained the ability to analyse their IT infrastructure, capacity planning and service planning. Oracle SOA Suite: As customer deployed Oracle SOA suite, it enabled them to roll out new services in fast pace while leveraging existing IT investments. Business to consumer portal developed using this suite allowed automotive manufacturer to access information such as vehicle service alerts, campaign information, recall information and credit card reward points online. They also built a composite application enabled by SOA suite to aggregate account information gathered from disparate functional units in the business. Earlier, this application development used J2EE and took over one year and now with SOA suite it took 90 days. As part of SOA suite, Web services Manager assure Oracles customer to have the appropriate authorisation to access services. Oracle Enterprise Manager: This product from Oracle enabled its customer to proactively analyse IT infrastructure, service performance and capacity planning. As part of Enterprise Manager, Diagnostic pack enabled the automotive manufacturer to view problem areas in a single view. These success stories reveal how SOA enables businesses to gain competitive advantage by strengthening their business network and internal capabilities. Conclusion: In this commoditizing global economy it is critical to have the ability to operate effectively in business networks and to sustain competitive advantage. This ability to operate business effectively is made easy by Best of Breed IT solution (SOA and ERP) enabling businesses to excel at global scale. But the businesses have a challenge to come out of the shell to invest on these technologies to stand at the top in their niche markets. They also gain advantage of auditing their current infrastructure, business processes and integrate them to achieve single view.

Animal Usage is Needed to Benefit the Human Race Essay -- Argumentativ

Animal Usage is Needed to Benefit the Human Race In today's world, one could split our country into two groups. One is those who are for animal rights in every aspect, and the other is those who are not. Those who are for animals' rights are commonly labeled "Vegans" by people of the opposing viewpoint, and sometimes even by their own. These people may belong to certain organizations such as PETA, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, or ALF, the Animal Liberation Front. These people commonly believe that animals should have every right that a human has. Animal Rights Activists generally think that people don't have the right to eat, own, hunt, or use animals in any way, or for any reason. This would mean people who eat meat on a daily basis would just be out of luck. This would mean no person would be allowed to own any animal for work on ranches or farms, for companionship, or for any other reason. This would mean all guides and hunters would have no business. This would mean no person could use any animal part for clothin g. This would also mean that more than half of the medicines and medical advances that we enjoy and live as a result of today would never have been discovered, and we would not be making progress on what we are in the medical field. The other people, those who are not, believe that animals should be handled with care and taken care of, but don't believe animals should have every right that humans do. One of the reasons that vegans don't believe we should eat animals is because we don't have the right to eat them. They believe that those animals have the same exact rights that humans have. The animals feel pain and have the exact same feelings that human beings do. What these people don't realize ... ... using their companionship to always have that best friend that will never let us down. Animal rights have gone far enough. There are laws to protect these animals. There doesn't need to be laws that perish our natural instincts and pastimes. Works Cited Bender, David L. "Animal Testing" Biomedical Ethics: Opposing Viewpoints. 1987. Minnesota, Greenhaven. Bender, David "Animal Testing" Biomedical Ethics: Opposing Viewpoints. 1994. California, Greenhaven. Doughney, Michael T. "People Eating Tasty Animals" People Eating Tasty Animals. 9 Dec. 2001. (http://www.mtd.com/tasty/). Envirolink Network "Animal Concerns: Pros and Cons" Animal Concerns.1999. (http://express. Netforchange.com/egi.bin/WebX.fcgi?13@@.ee6bbal). Guest Choice Network "Moore Lies From Eco-Extremists" Nanny Headlines. 6 Dec. 2001 (http://Nanny_headlines@burst.sparklist.com).

A Review of Emma :: essays research papers

A Review of Emma I’ve read Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, and most recently Emma. All of them are wonderful, and I can never decide which one is my favorite book by Jane Austen. But definitely Emma is, to me, a very engaging one. I have no special feeling about this book at first glance. Because of Jane Austen, I choose it and take some patience to read. And finally, the patience is greatly rewarded. Emma is a timeless story which is both funny and compelling. The characters are all really well developed, especially Emma, a 21-year-old girl, who is portrayed as incredibly human. The story is, briefly, about Emma, who is young, beautiful, rich and witty and lives with her father Mr. Woodhouse. She has vowed herself never to marry, but loves to play a matchmaker. She has just matched her tutor, Miss Taylor, up with Mr. Weston. She is quite proud of her success and finds satisfaction in it. In her arrogance, she believes that she knows what is right for everyone, and determined to appoint herself Cupid for all of her friends. Mr. Knightley, a neighbor and the brother of her older sister’s husband, warns her not to meddle in the other’s affairs, but she doesn’t take it seriously. She takes care of a young girl of unknown parentage named Harriet. Harriet is in love with a farmer named Robert Martin, but Emma thinks that he is beneath her, so she encourages Harriet to set her sights on Mr. Elton, a local vicar, as a future husband. Poor Harriet is completely bowled over by Emma. But unfortunately, everything goes to the opposite side, and fina lly Emma knows the fact that Harriet and Mr. Elton are completely unsuited, and that Harriet and her farmer are made for each other. Through a lot of hilarious scenes, Emma comes to realize that she doesn’t know as much as she thinks, and learns that it’s better to let other people manage their own lives. As the other works of Jane Austen, Emma describes the ordinary person and trivial matters. The plot develops around the activities of choosing spouse for the heroines. It reveals the bad habit that people regarded marriage as the economic insurance to woman at that time. In order to raise the economic position, they emphasized the family status but ignored women’s feelings and rights. The main female characters in Emma all seek the equal communication with man, they demand the equal rights in the social position, and insist on the freedom of observing and choosing spouses.

Overcomes Hard Times in The Jilting of Granny Weatherall Essay

Granny Weatherall Overcomes Hard Times in The Jilting of Granny Weatherall In the short story, 'The Jilting of Granny Weatherall,' an older woman is having flashbacks of her life, while she is slowly dying. Throughout her life, this woman, Granny Weatherall, has had many life altering experiences. With these experiences, she has become the strong woman that we have become to know. With a name like 'Weatherall,' one can only imagine what she has been though. Forty years earlier, Granny Weatherall became ill from not only milk leg but also double pneumonia, which she recuperated from. Granny Weatherall also had a tough time when her youngest and most favorable child died. Her daughter, Hapsy, passed away while giving birth to her child. Another tough time in Granny Weatherall's life was when her first love, George, left her on her wedding day. After getting married, having kids, and keeping the farm on a stable basis, Granny?s husband, John, passed away. With him gone Granny Weatherall had to raise their kids by herself, and she also had to keep the farm going, such a...

Externalities of Smoking

In the paper I’m going to discuss the externalities of second-hand smoke. Externalities refer to all costs or benefits of a market activity borne by a third party. It’s also the difference between the social and private costs (benefits) of a market activity. When economic agents are not directly involved, negative externalities can exist, such as pollution. Second-hand smoke is a health hazard at any level (Essentials Of economics, Bradley R. Schiller). It’s to be said that smoking bans are the only way to protect nonsmokers.Although many states and hundreds of cities have passed smoke-free laws, more than 126 million Americans ages 3 and older continue to be exposed to secondhand smoke. Nearly 50,000 nonsmokers die from the secondhand smoke each year. Nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke at home or work increase their risk of heart disease and cancer. Brief exposure to smoke, damages cells, beginning a process that can lead to cancer, and increase the risk of blood clots (USA today: June 28, 2006).Secondhand smoke kills 46,000 adult nonsmokers from heart disease, 3,000 nonsmokers from lung cancer, and 430 newborns from sudden infant death syndrome. In children it causes 790,000 ear infections, 200,000 episodes of asthma, at least 24,000 low birth weight or preterm deliveries. When non-smokers are exposed to secondhand smoke it’s called involuntary smoking or passive smoking. Regardless if you’re smoking or not, if you’re around someone who is smoking you’re taking in nicotine and other toxic chemicals just like smokers do.The workplace is a major source of secondhand smoke exposure for adults (USA today: June 28, 2006). Secondhand smoke meets the standard to be classified as a potential cancer-causing agent by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (cancer. org). Separating smokers from non-smokers, cleaning the air, and ventilating the building cannot prevent exposure if people still smoke inside t he building. Most people can be exposed in public places such as restaurants, shopping centers, public transportation, schools, and daycare centers.Some businesses seem to be afraid to ban smoking, but there is no proof that going smoke-free is bad for business. Public places where children go are a special area of concern (cancer. org). Making your home smoke free is healthier for your family. Secondhand smoke imposes significant costs on nonsmokers and society, according to a recent society of Actuaries study that concluded the annual cost of excess medical care, mortality and morbidity from secondhand smoke exposure in the U. S is approximately $ 10 billion(18 Aug 2005).The study also found that medicals costs for caring for people exposed to secondhand smoke have reached more than $2. 5 billion (medicalnewstoday. com). All the money you spend on cigarettes is just going to the company that makes them. So you’re giving this company all this money to just smoke a cigarette. On average most people pay about close to seven dollars for a box of cigarettes. Not only is this harmful to you, but its as harmful to the people around you. When you smoke in front of someone their inhaling all the chemicals that are carried In that one cigarette.So in conclusion this affects the economy so much, because people who don’t even smoke have to pay for all types of medicals bills. Just from getting secondhand smoke from others. I myself don’t think they should banned smoking. But there should be sections in public places which are meant for smokers. Some people can’t just stop smoking no matter what they do. So at the same time we have to respect their needs. And their needs are nicotine. Sources ?Cancer. org ?Medicalnewstoday. com ?USA today: June 28, 2006 ?Essentials of economics (Bradley R. Schiller)

Unusual Festivals

My lecture is about unaccustomed feasts. Could you bedevil me some(prenominal) congresswomans for unusual fete? -Yes thats true -Dont you r separately tout ensemble idea? Im sure you shit seen some unusual fetes on TV simply now you mogul forgot them. Forexample you imagin a piling of population gathering in a city throwing tomatos at apiece new(prenominal) tho for fun. Have you ever participated in an unusual festival? -Yes great this is much(prenominal) an interesting experience Im sure you never fogot that day. -No no problem I will give you a lot of data about it. I think you might be in charshanbesori.It is held In the suffer Wednesday of the year. Just as the rest of the orb moves forward into the online digital world, there atomic number 18 still various classical traditions from aside centuries that retains their popularity with the new recenter generation of populate. even up as some of these traditions argon antic and unusual, they have been held u ntil now. Another example is H wholeoween. On October 31, in umteen countries children and adults dress up in unusual costumes. Some break down witches or ghosts others dress up as trees, goats, and in other very unusual costumes.This festival started in Europe and has circle to all parts of the world. However, not all celebrations spread most the world. Every country has its own singular festivals. The first example that I prepa red ink is fete of Snakes legion(predicate) other(prenominal) multitude are afraid of snake.. In some parts of the world, snakes are regarded as evil or, at least, dangerous. But, there is whizz small resolution in Italy where the people seem to worship snakes. They show their gaze and love for snakes with a festival. This festival is held each year in the tiny village of Cocullo, which is surrounded by some of Italys wildest forests. on that point is a legend in Cocullo that the surrounding mountains and forests were formerly in effect(p) of vicious snakes. Many of the people from Cocullo who went into these areas died after being bitten by the poisonous snakes. In 700 B. C. , the villagers prayed to Apollo, a Greek god, for help. Apollo told them to overtake the snakes, put them approximately his statue in the village, and so put them back in the mountains and forests. This seemed to work, and the religious rite has been repeated ever since. oer the years, the villagers have made some changes to this tradition.Now a statue of a Christian saint, Domenica, has replaced the statue of the Greek god Apollo. In addition, the villagers have added fireworks to the festival. Celebrations begin on idol Josephs Day, March 19, when the first snakes of the season are captured and put in cages. Two months later, on the first Thursday in May, villagers posit off fireworks and then go to church. later church, the statue of Saint Domenica is carried through the streets, and villagers put the captured snakes around his statue. T hen, more fireworks are set off.At the marge of the village, the snakes are set free in the forest, and the villagers believe that they are immune from snakebites for another year. La Tomatina The festival of La Tomatina in Bufiol, Spain, is very simple. It is a food force festival. Everyone throws tomatoes at each other on the last Wednesday of August. The towns streets turn bright red as over 20,000 people bear on each other with large, red, soft tomatoes. thither are umteen ideas on how the festival started. The most likely explanation is that it started as a fight between unworthy and adequate teenagers.No one knows who threw the first tomato, moreover somehow they began throwing tomatoes at each other. Over the years, this local event has become a national event. It is no longer a war between poor and rich and is now an exciting time for young people to have a not bad(predicate) time throwing tomatoes at anyone. The standard resembling is an old T-shirt, old shorts, and safety glasses. Farmers communicate thousands of tomatoes from around the countryside, and the festival begins with the firing of a rocket. An hour later, the end of the festival is announced with the firing of another rocket, and everyone begins to clean up the town.Zombie Walk A zombie walk is an organized public gathering of people who dress up in zombie costumes. Usually taking place in an urban center, the participants make their way around the city streets or through obtain malls or a local burial ground or other public spaces. Holi- The fete of Colors This popular Hindoo restrict festival, observed in India, Nepal, Bangladesh and other Hindu countries, is also known as The fiesta of Color. Holi is keepd at the end of the spend season on the last full moon day of the lunar month, ordinarily in the later part of February or March.It is Originally a festival to celebrate effectual harvests and fertility of the land. let loose spoil Festival overweight men in th is shape can be a very scary sight for many of us. So, you can imagine how babies will contradict when they are held by one of these men. In Konaki Sumo, a Japanese festival, pairs of babies are held by men like this facing each other. The winner is the baby who cries first. The festival is found on the Japanese proverb blatant babies grow fast. Fish-Swallowing Festival the festival involves eating weight but the divagation is that they are still alive t is happend in The last Sunday of every February in Geraardsbergen in Belgium. The ceremony draws protests from sensual rights activists who ask to substitute live fish with fish-shaped marzipan. Monkey Buffet Festival There really is a festival just for monkeys every year in Thailand. On the last Sunday in November at the Pra Prang Sam Yot temple in Lopburi province, north of Bagkok,thousands of pounds of fruit is gathered for a huge buffet just for monkeys. The festival over the years has become more lavish and has put this small province on the world tourism map. wife Carrying World ChampionshipsEach summer, this weird event in Sonkajarvi, Finland, becomes more and more popular. The wife- delighting contest has been at a world championship take aim for over 13 years now. married woman carrying is a sport in which priapic competitors race while each carrying a female teammate. The objective is for the male to carry the female through a special(a) obstacle track in the hurrying time. Now my lecture is finished. I want to know your mental picture. -Do you think it is a good idea to hold these festivals? For example in tomatina thousands tones of tomato are wasted. While it is realizable to cook them and to use them instead of throwing them at each ther. However I have to admit tomatina bring happiness to many of people. But some of them like Crying Baby Festival, Fish-Swallowing Festival, Monkey Buffet Festival and Baby-Jumping Festival are really chimerical and some of them are really dangerous. -Whats your opinion about charsaabesori in Iran? -Do you agree with it or not? Yes I agree with you. like a shot it become like a urban war. it is such an dangerous night. As all of us know unfortunately many people die and injure seriously. Do you have any question? give thanks a lot for your consideration.