Scarlett Letter Essay -- essays research papers

The Scarlet Letterby Nathaniel HawthorneThe Scarlet Letter has many characters that go through several changes during the story. For example, the young minister Dimmesdale, who commits the sin of fornication with Hester, greatly changes. He is the character that makes the most progress in the story. Dimmesdale, being a minister, acts as a role model to the townspeople. He is the last somebody who should commit a crime and lie about it, but in the end, he confesses to the town. The fact that he did confess illustrates his courage and morality.Hester and Dimmesdales affair goes unexplored until Hester is pregnant and has a child without having her husband present. As her punishment, Hester is forced to stand on the scaffold in the middle of the market place, with an A on her chest. Dimmesdale hasnt told anyone that he is the adulterer. He sits in the balcony with the Governor, and others, watching the display, without any expression or emotion.Hester and Pearl go to the Governors home to deliver a yoke of gloves, but more importantly to talk about the possibility of the government taking away her child. After Mr. Wilson asks Pearl a few questions, the Governor decides that Hester is unready to be a mother, and that the child would be better off in the hands of the church. Hester begs Dimmesdale, whom she says knows everything about her and has charge of her soul, to speak for her. Therefore, he does, convincing the Governor to let Hester kee...

Chak De! India Essay -- Film Review

In Shimit Amans film Chak De India, we examine the impact of Indias socio-political condition. In result, Amans film brings to light the political solicitude of post-colonial India. Furthermore, we are able to determine how the boundaries of Indian nation-states have an impact on the construction gender, sports, and space.Sports are dependent indicators of the socio-political atmosphere in India. It has become an emblem of Indian nationhood, dominated by males the practice of a national sports is the countrys symbol of the evolution of Indian modernity. Appadurai states, The means of modernity contained in cricket solicit a confluence of lived interests where cricket producers and consumers can share the excitement of Indiannes without its many divisive scars (Appadurai, 179). Like Cricket, Field Hockey introduced to India by the British during the colonialism of the Indian empire. Thus, in the Indian context these sports produce an unexpected light on the kin between nationhood a nd empire (Appadurai, 32). India has developed a collective identity of Indianess through the vernacularization of these sports.The relationship between sports and politics is on the oldest pervading examples of the interaction of the institution and nationhood (Heitzman and Srinivas, 140). Sports become a lens in which the outsider can view the socio-political stratum. Within the beginning of the Film, the earreach becomes aware of the importance of the Field Hockey match between India and Pakistan. Through this match, the space of Indian Muslim identity is hostile and prejudicial in the represent of India. The match magnifies and politicizes the experience of the match while simultaneously being apart of a larger discourse of nationa... ...53). Furthermore, the Girls hockey team broke the gender separate by dominating a male domain, by performing bodily practices that ignore the differences of their nation-states. In one scene of the movie, when hockey officials decide not to circularise the girls team to Australia for the World Cup, the coach makes a deal in which the girls would challenge the mens team in hopes of making it. The girls unite to put on a fierce match, and by competing in a male domain, they are rewarded with the opportunity to go play in the world cup. Moreover, they learned to reconcile phantasmal discrimination for national sentiment through sports performance. In contrast to cricket, Appadurai states, In the case of cricket in India, the key to the complex flows that linked cricket, class, and race in the colonial ecumene was the story of patronage and coaching in India(Appdurai, 45).

Japan: 1945 conflicts and internal politics Essay -- essays research p

Discuss the occupation of lacquer from 1945 to 1952. What effects did the purges have on political and business leadership in Japan and to what degree did this action have on the continuity or discontinuity between pre-war and post-war elites? What actions led SCAP to reverse its policies from around 1948? What were the aims and goals of the occupation forces?The occupation of Japan began in august 1945 and ended in April 1952. General MacArthur was the first Supreme Commander. The entire operation was for the most part carried out by the United States. Japan in result lost all the territory obtained latishr 1894. The remnants of Japans war machine were gone, and war crime trials were held. Approximately 500 military officers committed suicide shortly after Japan surrendered, and hundreds more were executed for committing war crimes. The Emperor was not declared a war criminal. A new constitution went into effect in 1947 The emperor butterfly lost all political and military po wer, and was solely the symbol of the state. Universal suffrage was introduced and human rights were now guaranteed. Japan was also forbidden to lead a war again or to maintain an army. MacArthur also intended to break up power concentrations by dissolving the zaibatsu and other large companies, and by change the education system and the police. In a land reform, concentrations in land ownership were removed. During the first half of the occupation, Japans media was subject to rigid censorship of any anti-American statements and controversial topics. The co-operation between the Japanese and the Allied powers worked relatively well. Critics began to grow when the United States acted according to self-interests in the Cold War. The United States reintroduced the persecution of the communists, stationed even more troops in Japan, and wanted Japan to establish its own self defense force despite the anti-war article in the constitution. Many aspects of the occupations so called "re verse course" were welcomed by conservative Japanese politicians. With the peace treaty that went into effect in 1952, the occupation ended. Discuss the significant features of post-war Japan that has lead Japan to become on of the leading(p) industrial nations of the world. Emphasize the economic activities of the 1960s and 1970s.After the end of World War II, Japans economy was a disaster, ... ...opment priorities and scale down its commitments. However, the signing of this arrangement mirror the desire on both sides to advance relations. In April 1978, a disagreement involving the incursion of armed Chinese fishing boats into the waters off the Senkaku Islands, a assembling of barren islets north of Taiwan and south of the Ryukyu Islands, flared up and endangered the developing momentum toward a continuation of peace treaty talks. Self-control on both sides led to an agreeable solution. Talks on the peace treaty were resumed in July, and an arrangement was reached in Augus t on a compromise version of the antihegemony clause. The pact of Peace and Friendship was signed on August 12 and came into effect October 23, 1978. Thus, common strategic concerns, as well as economic interests, held the two nations together. Until the late 1970s, China appeared more alarmed than Japan about the Soviet military buildup in Asia. But as the Soviet Union increasingly sought to block off strategic cooperation among Japan, the United States, and possibly China, in part by stepped-up intimidation of Japan, the Nakasone government became more concerned about the Soviet military buildup.

Illusion in Death Of A Salesman :: essays research papers

What does Williams say about illusions and how are they important/dangerous to us?     Tennessee Williams protagonist, Blanche Dubois, is a woman struggling to escape the faults of her past and limit a new life for herself. Her many mistakes have turned her life upside down and created a host of problems for her to deal with. To help her deal with the total direness of her existence, Blanche often creates fantasies and delusions to make her life seem more stable than it actu all toldy is. Although Blanches ultimate mental deterioration is partially due to her adherence to her delusions, it seems it is in like manner these fantasies that help Blanche cope with her desperate situations. It is in this way that Williams presents illusions as something that can be important in our lives. Sometimes experiences in life are likewise traumatic or emotionally consuming to deal with outright. By tricking ourselves into thinking that the situation is better or different, we find ourselves more ready to live with whatever problem that effects us.      However, as is the case with Blanche, illusions can potentially be destructive to our psyches as well. Hiding behind delusions to avoid our problems can make them all the more cataclysmal when we are forced to return to reality and face them. Throughout A Streetcar Named Desire, Blanche subdues the demons of her past by deceiving herself and those around her into thinking that they tiret exist. This method of coping with her problems makes them even more disastrous when she is finally forced to face them. As an added blow to Blanches mental stability, her spirit is undone by her savage rape at the hands of her brother-in-law,

All Quiet On The Western Front: Themes :: essays research papers

All Quiet On the Western Front ThemesAll Quiet on the Western Front is a graphic limning of the horrors ofwar. In the short note before Chapter virtuoso, Remarque lets the reader knowexactly what themes he intends. War is a savage and gratuitous evil, war isunnatural, and war is responsible for the destruction of an entire generation.Remarque is very clear on the strength of his themes, and uses graphic imageryto convey to the reader the physical and psychological impact that war has onhumanity. But Remarque uses more than graphic description to support his themes.Remarque also utilizes a very defined personality motif, with the forces of reputationconstantly rebelling against the conflict it plays battleground to. With the globe itself, the source of all things, supporting his themes, Remarque has aseemingly unbiased witness bearing testament to his observations. Remarque canuse nature as the judge to correct war, along with shocking imagery, so that hisliterature remains with out a trace of nationalism, political ill will, or evenpersonal feelings.     It should be noted that the nature motif is carried consistentlythroughout the novel, and that it supports many of the authors lesser themes.For the purpose of portraying war as something terrible, though, the naturemotif is expressed most dramatically in the following passages. These passagesmark the three distinct stages of natures condemnation of war rebellion,perseverance, and erasure.     The first passage occurs in Chapter Four when the troops are trucked outto the front to raise stakes and wire. However, the narrators squad isattacked unexpectedly by an English bombardment. With no visible enemy to fight,the soldiers are forced to take cover and live out the bombardment. In theprocess, the earth is shredded and blown asunder. It is during this melee thatmany of the companies horses are wounded, and begin to bellow terribly."It is unendurable. It is the mo aning of the world, it is the martyred creation,wild with anguish, filled with terror, and groaning."     The bombing subdues, but the bellowing continues."The screaming of the beasts becomes louder. One can no longer distinguishwhence in this now quiet silvery landscape it comes ghostly, invisible, it iseverywhere, between heaven and earth it rolls on immeasurably."     Remarque is none too subtle in using the dying horses as a metaphor forthe Earths own anguish. As the men face a new horror, nature is revoltingagainst the damage being done to it. Remarque will return to this usage of thenature motif, with war being anomalous and unnatural in the "natural" world.

All Quiet On The Western Front: Themes :: essays research papers

All change intensity On the Western Front ThemesAll Quiet on the Western Front is a graphic depiction of the horrors of contend. In the short note before Chapter One, Remarque lets the reader knowexactly what themes he intends. state of war is a savage and gratuitous evil, war isunnatural, and war is responsible for the destruction of an entire generation.Remarque is very clear on the strength of his themes, and uses graphic imageryto sire to the reader the physical and psychological impact that war has onhumanity. But Remarque uses more than graphic description to support his themes.Remarque also utilizes a very outlined nature motif, with the forces of natureconstantly rebelling against the conflict it plays battleground to. With theEarth itself, the source of all things, supporting his themes, Remarque has aseemingly unbiased witness bearing volition to his observations. Remarque canuse nature as the judge to condemn war, along with shocking imagery, so that hisliterature rem ains without a trace of nationalism, political seedy will, or evenpersonal feelings.     It should be noted that the nature motif is carried consistentlythroughout the novel, and that it supports many of the authors lesser themes.For the purpose of portraying war as something terrible, though, the naturemotif is expressed most dramatically in the following passages. These passagesmark the three distinct stages of natures condemnation of war rebellion,perseverance, and erasure.     The first passage occurs in Chapter Four when the troops are trucked outto the front to install stakes and wire. However, the narrators squad isattacked unexpectedly by an English bombardment. With no visible enemy to fight,the soldiers are forced to take cover and live out the bombardment. In theprocess, the earth is shredded and bl declare asunder. It is during this melee thatmany of the companies horses are wounded, and begin to bellow terribly."It is unendu rable. It is the moaning of the world, it is the martyred creation, kookie with anguish, filled with terror, and groaning."     The bombing subdues, but the bellowing continues."The screaming of the beasts becomes louder. One can no longer distinguishwhence in this now quiet euphonous landscape it comes ghostly, invisible, it iseverywhere, between heaven and earth it rolls on immeasurably."     Remarque is none too subtle in using the dying horses as a metaphor forthe Earths own anguish. As the men face a new horror, nature is revoltingagainst the damage being done to it. Remarque will return to this usage of thenature motif, with war being anomalous and unnatural in the "natural" world.

Learning Team Assignment Hardware and Software Essay

This pack of NTC 362 Week 4 Learning Team assigning Hardware and Software Paper comprises Time subdivision sevenfold Access, Frequency course of instruction, Multiple Access, and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing calculator Science General data processor ScienceWrite a 3- to 5-page paper comparing the advantages of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, as used in wireless mobile communications.Define the technical details of each overture method, then compare their strengths and weaknesses in system use.Address the followingExplain receiving set frequency (RF) transmission characteristics.Identify common frequency bands used in current RF communications.Analyze the necessity for different protocols in wireless communications. Compare the challenges of using satellites in end-to-end communications links.There are a lot of things you can do to prepare for college, but it allow for still hold many surprises for you This article impart offer you some sound advice on how to get through classes, campus life and all the other obstacles that you will encounter in your efforts to reach graduation.This pack of NTC 362 Week 4 Learning Team appointee Hardware and Software Paper comprises Time Division Multiple Access, Frequency Division, Multiple Access, and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Computer Science General Computer ScienceWrite a 3- to 5-page paper comparing the advantages of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), CodeDivision Multiple Access (CDMA), and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, as used in wireless mobile communications.Define the technical details of each door method, then compare their strengths and weaknesses in system use. For downloading more tutorials visit https//bitly.com/12BtkCDThere are a lot of things you can do to prepare for colleg e, but it will still hold many surprises for you This article will offer you some sound advice on how to get through classes, campus life and all the other obstacles that you will encounter in your efforts to reach graduation. Computer Science General Computer ScienceWrite a 3- to 5-page paper comparing the advantages of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, as used in wireless mobile communications.Define the technical details of each access method, then compare their strengths and weaknesses in system use.Address the followingExplain radio frequency (RF) transmission characteristics.Identify common frequency bands used in current RF communications.

Voyager Interstellar Mission

The Voyager Interstellar Mission is rooted in the Grand trance an alignment of the satellite planets which allowed for a single space probe to visit each of them rapidly.The Voyager spacecraft were constructed to do just that obtain close up views and observations of the outermost planets. unitedly, the two spacecraft brought unprecedented observations of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and their corresponding satellites and ring systems.Having completed their planetary mission after the visit of Neptune in 1989, the two Voyagers ar now go along their journey out of the Solar System. Instead of fading into obscurity, the Voyagers are still transmitting back observations in its new mission the Voyager Interstellar Mission. Instead of notice planets, the two spacecraft are now giving us our first glimpses into the edges of the solar system.To do this, mission scientists had to use instruments meant for observing planets for observing the environment at the area at the edge o f the Solar System. Five distinct and specialized scientific groups are currently engaged on analyzing the data coming from Voyager. Together with Voyager, these groups bugger off expanded our understanding of the outer solar system.Power and funding challenges go by to hound the Voyager mission. Since its launch, Voyagers power source has been continually declining. To cope with the lowered power output, components of Voyager put up been shut down one by one which means that whatsoever measurements have already been or will be stopped in the skilful future.The mission ends when the power sources cannot anymore power any single instrument. Some earth bound problems remain however as budget cuts threaten the human race of the mission.Voyager Interstellar Mission Paper ProposalFor this paper, I plan on discussing the Voyager Interstellar Mission. The proposed outline is attached below.My interest in the Voyager Interstellar Mission lies in their tremendous history and unique p osition. In this sense, the Voyager spacecraft are like the little space probes that could.The Voyager spacecraft were initially launched more than thirty years ago to trail advantage of a unique arrangement of the outer planets. This arrangement made The Grand Tour possible, visiting each of the outer planets consecutively within a short amount of time.The spacecraft were originally meant to take closeup observations of the outer planets, observations which were not possible to make from Earth. They were successful in doing this, having sent back pictures of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Their discoveries provideing to and refining our acquaintance of the outer planets.Having finished their original mission, the two spacecraft continue on their voyage out of the Solar System. With no forces holding them back, the two will continue on their journey indefinitely and will soon be traveling in Interstellar space.The Voyager Interstellar Mission takes advantage of this fact, e xploiting the location of the twin Voyagers to aggregate data and observations somewhat the edge of the Solar System. If the planetary mission helped to add and refine our knowledge of the outer planets, the interstellar mission is currently helping add and refine our knowledge of the environment and processes at work at the solar systems edge.In line with this, I also plan on discussing current knowledge about the edge of the Solar System. This knowledge will help the reader comprehend the scope of the Voyager Interstellar Mission as well as what the Voyager probes are judge to understand.A discussion of the spacecraft is also needed to understand the mission. The instruments used in the interstellar mission are the same instruments used in observing the outer planets.By understanding these instruments, we get an understanding of the kind of observations that the Voyagers are doing in Interstellar space. We also gain an understanding of the operations that enable the mission to communicate with Earth. mind the spacecraft also allows us to understand the main challenge facing the mission the loss in power.Even if the success of the Voyager program has already been established, it still faces some challenges. Due to its age its power generating system has had severe losses in capacity. Because of this several instruments and systems aboard the craft have already been shut down collectable to the loss in power. Earth bound troubles also hound the craft as budget cuts threaten the existence of the mission.To complete the paper, I plan on giving a few samples of the scientific advances that the Interstellar mission has brought. It is also important to realize the amount of research that the thirty year old Voyagers have enabled. I also point out some researches from Voyager that have helped us in our understanding of the Sun.In this way, I point out that these spacecraft even if they are very far are even giving us new insights to something that is quite clo se to home.

Gender role Essay

Falling Angels is a trip the jobless fantastic toe choreographed by Jiri Kylian and is accompanied by the song sound from Steve Reiches. The relationship between the music and the move is fully represented in sections throughout the piece. Kylian finished the dance in 1989 which is a period when there was a commixture of music and freedom within the move wreakforcet of dance. Falling Angels is performed by octad women dancing to rhythmic drumming.Women in that period of fourth dimension had stepped before in their position of power and were equal to men in the economy, this may have been a reason Kylian chose alone female dancers. Kylians composition expresses emotions through campaign which connects to the reference and creates an understanding of the messages being portrayed. These messages that women had gained equality were portrayed through the employment of dynamics and motifs as well as sharp and percussive movements. Is it possible for Angels to light up? Jiri Kylians wo rk Falling Angels raises many controversies about the interpretation of its steps and movements.Some employ a feminist frame of analysis, and the role women portrayed in the 20th century of western culture. Others believe it to have no underlying significance or meaning other than the beauty of the movement. This research will try that Falling Angels reflects the female role in the twentieth century of western culture. This study will analyze Jiri Kylians understanding of women, and how they were depicted during the late twentieth century. It will be determined that Falling Angels reveals Kylians view of women through the medium of dance as informed by surrealism and minimalism.In the choreography, his choices of surrealism and minimalism function portray his understanding of women. These choreographic choices communicate Jiri Kylians underlying message and inspiration for the work of art. By studying Jiri Kylian and his meaningful decisions, the true intent of his work unveils, and the question if Angels can truly fall will be revealed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the choreographic elements of surrealism and minimalism in Jiri Kylians Falling Angels, and suck how these elements influenced the choreography to depict the female role in the twentieth century of western culture.The beginning of Falling Angels is a period of silence during which eight women pass from the shadows of upstage into scattered positions in front of the audience. They correspond calmness and composure adding a sense of a kinesthetic awareness within the dancers as they soft advance A short, invariable drum beat made by the stick tapping on a bongo drum begins and the dancers respond by tilt fillet in turns and performing a single flapping motion to poise themselves in isolated areas inside individual light spots make like squares.The flapping is controlled and could be understand as a symbol representing the movement of an angel, hence the cognomen of the dance. The s etting of the stage involves black curtains and bright lights charge on the centre of the stage. It compliments the tight black leotards and skin biased flats that the women are wearing and also focuses on the features of the womens torsos and faces. The movements in this section are non-locomotor and comprised of changes in dynamics. Motifs such as the gestures of flapping, tingle and lunging then swaying.

Examine sociological explanations Essay

There seems to be a direct link to what goes on in schools and what takes place at work. The functionalist approach to education and prudence is that through socialisation education helps principal(prenominal)tain society by introducing young people into values and beliefs such as achievement. They wall that education teaches what is needed at heart the world of work like numeracy and literacy skills or specific skills for particular jobs. The education system allocates people to the near appropriate jobs, which suits their abilities using trial run results.Through the look of the functionalists this is seen to be fair because there is an equal opportunity for everyone, everyone has the chance to succeed in society on the basis of their ability. If they work strenuous and try hard at school then they will succeed and climb the social ladder obtaining a higher social status. They see education as turn pupils into model citizens that the most able pupils will succeed and obtai n the most important jobs. Durkheim stated that education performs the function of making individuals feel they argon members of a social group.This can be done through lessons such as history. He believes that school teaches pupils how to co-operate and work with others. The subjects that are taught in schools are related to skills that are required for work. The education system sifts and sorts the people according to their ability and that those who want to achieve can do so despite social class or background. Parsons thinks that the school is the first place where they are taught universal values and rules. School helps introduce a consensus this is where everyone agrees on the same basic values.Schools challenge pupils abilities and their talents so that they can be issued into specific jobs. Davis and Moore explained that some people curb greater talents than others and to ensure that society functions efficiently the most able individuals are allocated the most efficient job s. The education system is responsible for this, targeting the people who are most able then training them for important jobs. However, some people would argue that this is farthermost too optimistic. This idea of meritocracy is un authorized does not exists. There are certain barriers that get in the way the main one being social class.An role model of this is careers such as medicine and law where certain firms will not accept you if you energize been to a university that was previously a polytechnic college. There is office staffcode wrong with these universities but certain people and groups see them as lower class and therefore less likely to employ them. This is a barrier that gets in the way. There is a lack of evidence that schools teach work specific skills, an example of this is how often does a job require you to know quotes from Shakespeare, some subjects have a limited usefulness to the world of work.The principal of having a general consensus in school is not alwa ys the case different social groups have different sets of values. Marxists disagree with this approach stating that its main function is to maintain, legitimate and reproduce, generation after generation of inequalities transmitted through common values and beliefs. Failure and inconsistency is encouraged within working class people, this is taught in schools. What goes on in school is related to the world of work, the pupils are like the workers and the teachers are like the bosses.Marxists business blood of education is that it does entirely depend on intellectual ability only the pupils who conform will rise above the rest. Schools reproduce the appropriate work extract with the determine attitudes for factory work. They argue that it turns working class kids into conformists workers. Marxists argue that a hidden curriculum lies within the education system that filters let on working class children into working class jobs it is a passive process that gets them used to this idea of inequality and hierarchy.It makes them accept it and not challenge it this is the correspondence principal. Bowles and Gintis argue that what goes on in schools is directly related to the world of work. The organisation of school to that of work is very identical, separate school lessons mirroring separate work place tasks. The examination results and payment are the enjoyment of working and learning. Educational success and promotion at work is based on work. Again what was just said isnt always the case. Bowles and Gintis never actual got any research evidence to support their claims.Most jobs now demand people with flair, ambition and people with charisma not mindless idiots as Marxist stated. Not all schools respond in on the nose the same way and not all pupils respond in exactly the same way as Bowles and Gintis suggested. Not all children are passive products of the education system it might motivate some children with the thought of ending up in a factory. Paul Wil lis conducted his survey in 1977 and provides internationalist approach to understand the meanings pupils. Willis identifies pro-school and anti-school subcultures.The anti school subcultures where nicked named the lads ands the pro-school subcultures were called the earoles. Willis was a neo-Marxist who stated that the lads developed strategies to cope with the ennui of school and basic r popine that they would eventually end up in at work. The lads chose to and accepted themselves as failures and didnt see the point in act so just gave up. It was not passive as Marxists first thought. Even this type of attitude created the right workforce, they were uncritical and just got on with it. Paul Willis focuses on actual working at the school.One criticism of Paul Willis work is that either the student rebelled against the system or they conformed they were never really in between and this didnt really make much sense. It was unrealistic not many people were 100% in a category they wer e in between and this didnt show up in Willis results. Vocational Education was introduced because when students left school and went to work they didnt really possess the appropriate skills for work or the correct attitude. Vocational education changed this and improved their working attitudes with ideas such as work experience.As part of Curriculum 2000 key skills were introduced, this was asked for by a lot of employers and it gave students a basis insight into how to use a computer. A number of other schemes were introduced for those post 16 student s who didnt want to stay on at school, the government would pay half their wages and the company that employed them would pay the other half. This was great for the company because they were getting labour for half the scathe and once they had got to 19 they would sack them and employ another 16 year old.The schemes led to low paid and low skilled part time employment. The main aim for the government to set this scheme up was so tha t when it came to Election Day it meant that the number of people who where unemployed was low. There was first an assumption that unemployment was caused by a lack of skills amongst young people. In actual fact it could be to do with lack of jobs. Cohen stated that this attitude and discipline training made the post 16 people ready to except low paid jobs.In conclusion there is no one simple explanation about the relationship between school and economy. All of the information featured is theories and beliefs based on different perspectives. Up to a certain point all of the theories are true and probable in certain situation. No one can speak for the whole of society what happens in one group might be solely different to another. I would however be incline to put my trust in to a lot of what Paul Willis says partly because of the way he carried out his study, it was very in-depth.

Environmental protection and the social responsibility of firms: perspectives from law, economics, and business Essay

obligated backupIntroductionResponsible stock concerns itself with allowing and ensuring the application of affable and moral principles in railway line decision making. with the definitions, the following principles of liable business can be drawnBusiness for profit When people engage in business, they atomic number 18 expecting to receive profit. The first principle of responsible business lies in the tear downt that it is just and in fact expected to make profit and for much(prenominal) lolly to increase as much experience is gained in business. As such in the pursuit for responsible business, profits should non be left croup or side stepped, strategies employed by business managers, and even mechanisms workd in the business need to be directed towards generating profits. The reward for doing business properly lies in the excess returns received from investments on the business.Business ethics the business see to its within the concept of society, plays a part in accentuating the lives of the community. Responsible business calls for businesses to be subjected to a ordinance of conduct. Businessmen ar not exempted from being moral even as they pursue the profit. As ethics apply to all argonas of life, so the same applies in business. Business needs to be d 1 in as much honesty as is possible. If the business surroundings is to improve hence behavior in business as well needs to channel and improve.Professional ethics a responsible business is run under corporate codes. As a business continues to change and the environment within which it operates transforms, it is only responsible for such codes to continually change. Therefore, a business is defined as responsible not just within the code of business ethics but also when it operates through the professional code of ethics administration it. While ethics are general in business, professional ethics are specific and designed for that particular business.Business almost seems to opera te under no particular ethics, rules and responsibilities. In many cases business persons are only concerned with the monetary value and nothing else. Responsible business on the other hand adheres to a code of conduct, set forth not just by law and moral values but also by the profession and industry within which the business operates, (Sanford 2011). Scholars agree that businesses can no longer operate as independent entities, existing separately by society. They need to uphold and be held responsible by the society. They exist as part of and in partnership with society and can therefore not ignore the societal responsibilities.Drivers of responsible businessThe natural/ ecological environmentResponsibility to the environment consists of the concern for the interaction between human beings and the natural environment as it exists. The responsibility of businesses to the environment developed as a separate factor in responsible business from the 1960s. At the magazine, pictures tak en from space showed vulnerability in the existence of earth and its ecosystem. Environmentalists began lobbying that animals, plants and the general ecosystem in itself had value in and of itself. As such demands on various businesses to treat these entities responsible began. The general notion of responsibility to the environment is that if businesses continue exploiting and fail to be responsible towards the environment, it will be totally destroyed and in the process the human race will also be destroyed.In the year 2009, the summit on sustainable development, brought focus to the fact that in another 50 years more(prenominal) than 10 billion people will be existing in the world. This is in addition to the problems presently facing the existence of earth such as rescinding existence of energy, excess carbon and a declining ozone layer (Smith 2010). The summit concluded that there is need for a green revolution to improve the status of the environment. The industrial world, a t least a macroscopic percentage has failed to uphold its own responsibility towards ensuring a change in the strategies close to the use of natural resources, and also the technology used to make use and exploit the natural environment.Sustainable development as responsible businessTodays businesses are expected and in fact it is demanded of them that sustainability becomes a part of their strategy. The governing body and even the clients coming to business are looking for more and more evidence that the business is acting responsibly in the environment. According to smith (2010), Customers want to live in a pollution free environment, so businesses whether manufacturing or even service providing come to change the way they operate. In order to principal(prenominal)tain a clean environment, businesses require operating with technologies that are clean and also sources of clean energy such as solar rather than coal and oil. Sustainability can be simply defined the ability of th e environment to replenish itself and bide healthy for the next generations. Surprisingly by opting to use more environmentally friendly and energy efficient technologies, businesses are able to save on their overhead costs.Recycling this refers to the ability to re-use raw materials over and over again. The advantage of recycling is that it cuts the amount of raw materials required for products and as such allows the environment to replenish itself. ordinarily businesses produce a lot of waste some which is very difficult to manage such as plastics. Recycling encourages the businesses to come up with processes that make use of their waste. Newton (2005) states that The concern is mainly for ever filling landfill, and therefore responsible businesses calls for either new and better ways to deposit the wastes or better all the same new ways to make use of the waste. Landfills are responsible for methane production which is responsible for climate changes and damage to the ozone l ayer. In many western countries, recycling is not just a business responsibility but in fact a law that could attract stiff penalties.Competitive advantage in the past, businesses have made use of Ricardos principle which simply encourages cost cutting measures such as cheaper raw materials, labor and even investment of capital. The cost potency produces greater profits for the business. However, Gibson (2005) indicates that recent research and benchmarking with large companies such as Coca Cola and General Motors shows sustainability provides greater advantage. Organizations committed to taking advantage of shell practices are also gaining a larger market share.New opportunities for product differentiation product differentiation offers a chance for businesses to excel beyond their competitors even in the same industry. A product based on sustainability is not only considered a product of high quality but also one that is environmentally friendly and therefore more responsible ev en for the consumer. The market is gradually shifting from traditional products towards more energy efficient, fuel saving and alternate energy products. Testimony of this lies in the recent increase of interest and growth of the market share for products such as solar panels and energy saving bulbs. Zott (2014) shows that Responsible business in this era therefore translates to product differentiation throughUse of raw materials that have been proven to have less damage to the environmentCompanies that are setting benchmarks in terms of going beyond what is environmentally compliant.Less and less wastage from the business and more recycling of the same.Reduced emission of noxious wastes from the business.As many environmentalists have shown nature in itself shows the best system of sustainability. Plants for example prosper in sunlight and with sufficient moisture. They are consumed by animals and insects. by this consumption, the animals produce waste which in turn is used to chink fertile soils on which more plants are grown. In this same way, human beings and especially businesses are tasked with the responsibility of being eco-friendly that is use, produce, consume and transform waste into something else through recycling.Role of the government in responsible businessThe World Bank report in 2003 on sustainability emphasized the need for more structured and responsible governments to ensure sustainability. The governments are tasked with the responsibility of creating better policies and institutions through which businesses small and large alike can be held responsible. In the past, weak governments and poorly maintained social institutions have turned out to be quite costly to nature and the environment. Weak governance has brought about income inequality, political unrests and environmental disasters, (Hay et al 2005).Governments provide the sound framework through which businesses can be held responsible. Constitutions and laws of a kingdom are o ften used as the back drop to determine the concern and interest of the government in securing its own environment for example. The legal framework provides laws within which every business should operate. The legal frameworks set forth by each country have been changing constantly, becoming more focused to immediate and more tragic causes of environmental degradation. Through the legal framework for example, majority of the mines and timber yards have been closed and shut down for causing damage to the environment.Governments also put in focus environmental conservation so that the activity is not just being carried out haphazardly. They provide a platform for integrating environmental concerns and responsibility into the economic and social development of the country. Through environmental policies also, there is conservation of critical natural resources. Businesses endangering such resources can face severe penalties through these policies. Governments often partner with busines ses to ensure sanctuary of forests, animals that are going extinct among others.Businesses often ignore the importance of contributing to the community within which they operate. The governments of such countries ensure that majority of the profits generated from the business go back to the community. The foremost principle for all governments is increased economic growth, poverty eradication and bridging the social class gap. All businesses operating within the country need to uphold this principle. . In addition, according to Moon (2001), the government ensures that even as businesses operate they do not meddle with the rights of the nations citizens. The government gives power and strength to citizens who may feel powerless to fight the businesses and especially the large entities. This is not to mean that the government only has responsibility to consumers, it also ensures that businesses operate in an environment which allows them to flourish and therefore generate profits.Conc lusionIt is now obvious that companies that are socially responsible and businesses that adhere to a particular code of doing business have better reputations and therefore a larger market share. The bulk of responsibility lies in the business owners ensuring that they have developed moral responsibility as the back bone on which their decision making is based. Managers and employees then have the duty of protecting the wel fartheste of their consumers and other stakeholders which include the communities they operate within. While the main concern for business is an increase in the profit margin, those that have shown an inclination towards more responsible business strategies have attracted not just a large number of consumers but also investors. People are more interested in ensuring the growth and success of a responsible business especially with more and more of the media focusing on errors and embarrassment news featuring businesses that have failed in their responsibility.Busi nesses are held up to societal standards and failure to uphold them is frowned upon. Whereas there was a time when businesses could attempt to cut corners in their responsibility, today this is not an option. The government and even citizens are aware that companies and businesses operate with certain expectations and values. Employees and other stakeholders require business to be conducted responsibly. Failure to do so encourages massive labor turnouts as employees seek more sustainable businesses. Responsible business therefore cuts into all corners of conducting business from governing the contracts with clients, to those with suppliers and even the community upholding the business.Responsible business is not just a mirage of expected rules and regulations. Indeed it operates within a justice system through which governments pose and have the power of demanding responsible business. Responsible business is part and parcel of strategic management. Each decision in the business mu st reflect the true responsibility and code of ethics of the business. In some cases this may require special attention being paid to particular areas of responsibility. Today, companies are going far and beyond what is expected of them in running business because they understand the importance of taking responsibility to ensure their survival.ReferencesGibson, K. (2007).Ethics and business an introduction. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Hay, B. L., Stavins, R. N., & Vietor, R. H. K. (2005).Environmental protection and the social responsibility of firms perspectives from law, economics, and business. Washington, DC, Resources for the FutureNewton, L. H. (2005).Business ethics and the natural environment. Malden, MA, Blackwell.Sanford, C. (2011).The responsible business reimagining sustainability and success. San Francisco, Jossey-BassSmith, N. C. (2010).Global challenges in responsible business. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Zott, L. M. (2014).The environment. Detroi t, Greenhaven PressSource document

Persian Poetry

A Brief History of Iranian verse line One of the most noble forms of literature is poetry. Over the centuries Persian and non-Persian poets have written their poems in the Persian language, Farsi, and its variations. Even though the Farsi language has changed over time the ancient poems are still readable. Iranians highly value their poets who unbroken their culture and language alive even during numerous invasions. Persian poetry is as ancient as Avesta (the holy book of Zoroastrians) where first form of poetry is documented.Persian and non-Persian poets express their creativity in different forms and styles. The earliest poetry was of two types. One was the b eachad and the other was the epic. The ballad later developed into different forms such as lyric, hymn, satire and panegyric. The epic poem is an enlarged ballad. Therefore, the origin of all poetry is in the ballad although no records have remained from these primitive ballads. Persian songs goes congest to 3000 BC to t he time of king Jamshid. Xenophon wrote about songs that were sung when Cyrus the Great was still a boy.The halls of the Achaemenian palace at Persepolis echoed with the poetic singing of the tale of the romantic chouse of Zariadres and Odatis. The Arab conquest influenced the Persian vocabulary causing an even smoother poetic verse. Poetry, nursed for 200 years by the care of three dynasties (Tahirid, Saffarid, Samanid). Therefore, it was during ninth cytosine when the new form of Persian poetry began which is found today. One of the early forms of poetry was qasida in royal courts. Qasida are poems of more than 100 couplets that do non rhyme. Anvari was one of the poets who use qasida.Ghazal from about 12th century is another form of lyric. Ghazal poems were a much shorter form, 10 couplets that do not rhyme and mainly used to express love, both human or mystic. Hafez and Saadi mastered this form of poetry. Rubai and dobaty are both four lines poems which are distinguished from each other by their rhythm. They whitethorn express mystical, romantic or philosophical themes. Omar Khayam is one of the pioneers in writing Rubai and his books are translated into many languages. A Review Of Persian Poetry Classical Persian poetry is always rhymed. The principal verse forms are the Qasideh, Masnavi, Qazal and Rubai.The qasida or ode is a long poem in monorhyme, usually of a panegyric, didactic or spiritual nature the masnavi, written in rhyming couplets, is employed for heroic, romantic, or narrative verse the ghazal (ode or lyric) is a comparatively short poem, usually amorous or mystical and varying from four to sixteen couplets, all on one rhyme. A convention of the ghazal is the introduction, in the last couplet, of the poets pen name (takhallus). The rubai is a quatrain with a particular metre, and a collection of quatrains is called Rubaiyyat (the plural of rubai).Finally, a collection of a poets ghazals and other verse, arranged alphabetically according t o the rhymes, is known as a divan. A word may not be out of place here on the peculiar difficulties of interpreting Persian poetry to the western reader. To the pitfalls common to all translations from verse must be added, in the case of Persian poetry, such special difficulties as the very free use of Sufi imagery, the frequent literary, Koranic and other references and allusions, and the general employment of monorhyme, a form highly effective in Persian but unsuited to most other languages.But most definitive of all is the fact that the poetry of Persia depends to a greater degree than that of most other nations on beauty of language for its effects. This is why much of the great slew of qasidas in praise of princes can still be read with pleasure in the original, though It is largely unsuited to translation. In short, the greatest charm of Persian poetry lies, as Sir E. Denison Ross remarked, in its language and its music, and consequently the reader of a translation has perfo rce to forego the essence of the matter.

An Indian Farmer Essay

* Introduction- India is an agriculture country. It is a land of farmers. They live in village and belong in village. They lead a real simple life. Their houses are made of mud and straw. They are very small and simple. The farmers are the true sons of the motherland. Gandhiji said India lives in village. * His Dress- the farmers do not wear fashionable dresses. They wear simple clothes. Generally they wear dhoti, kurta and a cap. The women wear cheap and simple dhotis.* His food- The food of the farmers is also very simple and cheap. They eat rice, pulses, green vegetables and chapaties. Very poor farmers get only dry bread and mirch-masala. A few rich farmers take sufficient milk curd and butter. * His work- The work of a farmer is very hard. They have to work in their fields in all the seasons of the year. In rain or sunshine they must(prenominal) work. They work from morning till late in the evening. They plough fields, sow seeds and raise crops. Their woek is really very hard but very useful. Our farmers provides us food, vegetable and oilseeds. * Fairs and festivals- farmers take part in fairs and festivals with full enthusiasm. They wear colorful dresses, take rounds in merry-go-round, and buy some fancy goods and toys.* Bad habbits- some farmers have cock-a-hoop habits also. They drink wine. They are superstitious. They have bad customs. They are illiterate as well. We must try to remove their bad habits. * Politics- previously there was no authorities in village. The life of villagers was simple. They loved and co-operated with each other. The elders of the village were the punches who settled their disputes. But now the politics of the cities has reached the villages too. It has spoiled the atmosphere of the villages. The elections of the punchayats are contested with much rancor and quarrels. This situations needs reformation because villages are the roots of nation. If they are poisoned the whole of our nation will be destroyed.

Rate and Sequence of Development

Babies are born(p) at 40 weeks. If a small fry is born originally the due date, they result be classed as premature. Premature babies generally take chronic to meet the early set aboutment milestones, Newborn babies spend more than(prenominal)(prenominal) time sleeping than being awake. It is actually master(prenominal) to a newborn tyke to spend quality time bonding with their primeval carer. Babies arrest fast during the first four weeks feeding and sleeping patterns hind end take to form and testament induce to communicate by dint of smiling and crying. As from 3 months superannuated, babies are more than more alert, and generally colonized into a day and night routine and cry less oftentimes.Being more settled and interacting with mess virtually them, and raft recognise their primary carer. From 6 months babies dirty dog express enjoyment through laughing and smiling. They crapper reach for objects this heightens the need for exploration. From 9 months babies are usually becoming more mobile, they nookie look their environment. cognitive and communication phylogeny is improving and babies are certified of oral communication. From this era, the emotional lesson is being learnt, as babies pop to generalise that carers who leave the room volition return.At 12 months babies are much more mobile. The baby is becoming much more vocal and verbalise to the carer. Fine motor skills are proveing and the baby is becoming more involutioned in feeding themselves, besides the baby starts to remember things. From 15 months a churls language is really developing, and can start to put together a small key worded sentence. base on balls is steadier, and as the sense of license develops, so does the frustration within the s producer, and prevention is usually the cause.From 18 months, a kid ordain actualise most of what is being said to them, so communication is important. Children of this age heretofore cannot control their em otions and need a lot of sensitivity from their carers when they make all overwhelmed by their feelings. From 2 long time, a shavers personality is evident and become more apparent every day. Cognitive and behavioural growing is continuing during this make up, short sentences are spoken and take the airing and movement is confident, leading to act new things, kindred climbing and jumping. The nipper result begin to understand emotion and consequences.At 3 years, youngsterren start to take an interest in peers, this is suitably timed as at this as pip-squeakren start pre- indoctrinate, and can enjoy contend with differents of a similar age. Children learn to express themselves through speech, in doing so, this reduces the nestlings frustration. At 4 years, boorren will make the transition to inform, which marks a massive change in their lives. When starting nurture the child will be fluent talkers, confident movers and will al needy have a accessible group of frien ds. Their concentration span will be increasing all the time.At 5 years old children will be settled into formal school daying. many an(prenominal) children will enjoy the challenge of the classroom and independence of athleticstimes. Others however can find it all very difficult because learning doesnt interest them or find the learning difficult. This can cause a negative feeling towards school. Friends are very important presently. At 6-7 years old, physical suppuration has straightway slowed down to previous years, but confidence levels increase, as does learning within the school. Between the ages of 8-12 years, Children will be reading and writing well.Children have learnt what it is they enjoy and dislike. During this stage of demeanor, it can be a emotional time, children will be moving on to new school and leaving old friendship groups and starting to make new friendship groups. Puberty can start around this age (mainly girls). Technology often causes a child to be l ess active in this age group and so a balanced diet is required. Between the ages 13 19 years, in that location is a lot happening, puberty, relationships, trial runs, leaving school, career choices. pic pic pic pic New Born CryingHappyPrimary carer pic pic pic picIn prone SittingCrawling Walking pic picpic pic pic Learning through play (18 months 4 years) pic pic pic pic Learning through play (5 years 19 years) Physical Development eld Range Development within the age range 0 3 months Babies hands are tightly closed most of the time. The baby will lay with head to one side (in supine position) and legs pulled up toward the abdomen (in prone position), head falls forward (head lag) and the adventure curves.As the baby gets older they are witting of events, more so when fed and talked to. 3 6 months The babys head in fundamental position (in supine), the head and chest can be lifted from the floor and can supported themselves with their forearms (in prone). The back is straighter and slight head lag remains. The baby will have found their arms and can be waved and brought together legs can be kicked separately and together. The baby is alert and will move their head to instruct others.The baby has found their fingers and can engage in hand and finger play and briefly are able to hold objects before dropping. 6 12 months During this age, babies develop fast and start to learn with child(p) movements like, rolling over to going onto their hands and knees to progressing to taking a few steps. Sitting unaided is also developed during this age. Also a number of fine motor skills develop during this age, the palmar grasp to and indifferent pincer grasp to then recognising and controlling the release of this grasp.The hand eye coordination is more defined and nowadays able to feed with a spoon and finger foods. 1 yr- 2yrs The childs walking has become more confident and will attempt to run. The child will start to craw l the stairs, and will walk them if hand is held by a carer. The marks on paper progress into scribbles, a small editorial of block will progress into a tall editorial. The child can now push themselves on on ride-on-toys, and is able to kick and throw balls. The child will now be able to withdraw cotton reels using the delicate pincer grasp. 2 yrs 4 yrs During this age, the physical activity becomes main(a). The child will learn to walk up the stairs holding on to the hand rail this will develop into the child confidently climbing stairs and outdoor play equipment. The child will develop from travel large wheeled toys without peddles to using peddles and steering confidently. Kicking a stationary ball will develop into kicking moving balls in straight lines.Drawing becomes an interest, faces and letters are often attempted, using the takered hand. 4 yrs 7 yrs From the age of 4 years, children will be learning how to fasten buttons, zips, use scissors and screw out basic shapes. Writing becomes more acquainted(predicate) and will be learning how to write his/her ca-ca and other short familiar words. A Childs coordination will increase and will be able to play games with rules. General balance is good bikes stabilisers will start to be removed.By the time a child is 7 years, they will be able to hop, skip and use larger outdoor play equipment in schools and parks. The child will be able to catch with one hand and be able to tie up their shoe laces. 7 yrs 12 yrs Physical growth slows down during this age group. The development of coordination and drive of movement along with physical strength develops during this time. The childs interest in TV, reckoners and games consoles over take the physical play.The childs writing becomes more adult like, as does the use of computer equipment. 12 yrs 16 yrs Generally puberty begins between 11-13yrs. The bodies of both boys and girls change throughout puberty. There is a v ariation in age in which this occurs girls usually enter puberty by 13 years and boys 14 years. Sporting talents become more apparent during this time. 16 yrs 19 yrs A girls body can become more woman-like by 16 years old, and a boy becomes manlier by 16-17 years. Intellectual and Cognitive Development mature Range Development within the age range 0 3 months From birth a baby can be soothed by a familiar voice, usually the primary carer. Through the use of senses, the baby starts to understand that he/she is a separate person. The baby will begin to notice object in their immediate environment 3 6 months From 3 months a baby will show interest in bright shiny objects.The baby will be very alert and will watch things going on around them keenly. The baby will explore by putting objects into their mouth 6 12 months The baby will explore the immediate environment, the primary carer staying within close proximity. During this age, the child will start to look for items which have fallen. 1 yr- 2yrs From 1 year, the babys memory develops.Remembering past events will highlight the anticipation of future familiar events. The baby will also start to look for objects that have fallen out of sight, knowing they still exist, but cant be seen. At this young age, child will look for, and return familiar things in there right places. The child will use toys in a way they are familiar with e. g. putting a doll in a bath. The child becomes aware of peers and takes an interest in their activities.A child will use trial and error in a way to explore and discover the instauration around them. 2 yrs 4 yrs A child from 2 years will understand that actions have consequences. He/she will be able to complete wide jigsaw puzzles and build a tower of bricks creativity within imaginary and creative play is developed. The child will start asking what and why question and using speech of thinking and reporting. The child can name colours and sort items into simple sets.The child will now be able to recognise his/ her own written name 4 yrs 7 yrs At 4 years old, a childs memory has developed, and can mobilize many songs and stories. The child is now able to problem solve, number correspondence improves, reading and vocabulary develops. The child will learn from new experiences at school, and learning style preferences whitethorn be apparent. 7 yrs 12 yrs The child now understands mathematical questions and is able to find the answers in number calculations, measuring nd weighing. Many children can read and write simple text by the age of 7. A child will learn a new range of subjects at secondary school, and might follow their own various(prenominal) interests out of school. A sense of logic develops. 12 yrs 16 yrs Academic knowledge increases as exam curriculum is followed. 16 yrs 19 yrs Towards the age of 16 years, future career decisions are made . e. g. pull ahead education, career choices. Communication Development Age Range Development within the age range 0 3 months A newborn baby communicates through sound, crying and physical closeness. The baby will begin to coo and gurgle with the primary carer when talked to. The baby starts to recognise and link familiar sounds such as the face and the voice of a carer. He/she will copy high and low sounds and will return a smile when smiled at. 3 6 months Sounds are used primarily to call for a carers impress.The baby is talk frequently and enjoys rhymes and the rhyme actions. The baby plays tunefully with the sounds he/she can make. 6 12 months The baby now recognises his/her own name and recognises familiar words, including no. The baby will makes longer strings of babbling sounds and advisedly uses volume vocally. The baby will increasingly understand basic messages communicated by carers and older siblings. 1 yr- 2yrs The babbling increasingly starts to sound like speech and lead to single words being spoken. The child shows an sagaciousness that particular words are associated with people and objects, by using a few simple words in context. Labelling such as you me mine is understood and the use of single words increases and begins to use peoples names. The child understands a great deal of what carers say. 2 yrs 4 yrs At 2 years, the child will point to items and name them.Vocabulary increases and sentences are used. Some sentences can be used incorrectly, but by 42 months most language is used correctly. The child enjoys stories and rhymes and will use plurals, pronouns, adjectives, possessives and tenses. 4 yrs 7 yrs From 4 years, a child uses language fluently and is clear and understood to all. He/ she have an understanding of language, and can enjoy rhymes, stories and nonsense.The childs vocabulary is growing each day, and will be learning to read, he/she will recognise small, key words. At the age of 6 years, the childs language becomes more a dult like and enjoys word play and jokes. 7 yrs 12 yrs The child enjoys mixer chats with friends and family, the conversation becomes more adult like. Both verbal and written communication is fluent and the correct grammar is used. The child may read as a leisure pass time. 12 yrs 16 yrs The child may be loth(p) to ask adults for advice or information required. It may be sourced anonymously. 16 yrs 19 yrs At this age the child will enjoy socialising with friend and having catch up chats with friends and family. Social, Emotional and Behavioural Development Age Range Development within the age range 0 3 months A new born baby will smile from about 5 weeks, the baby will discover what he/she can do, and create a sense of self.The baby may cry if the primary carer leaves the room because the baby doesnt understand that the person still exists and will return. The baby is able to show excitement and fear. The baby responds positively to a kind soothing carer, If a carer doesnt respond to the baby, the baby will stop trying to interact. 3 6 months The baby can now clearly tell people apart, showing a preference for a primary carer and siblings. During this age the baby shows a wider range of feeling clearly and vocally. He/she will reach out to be held and may stop crying when spoken to. The baby enjoys attention from others and seeing themselves in the mirror. 6 12 months During this time the baby becomes increasingly mobile which allows the child to advance people. The baby understands that when a carer leaves the room, they will return. Babys offer objects in their hands but do not let go. The sense of self identity increases as conceit and self-confidence develop.The child will start to wave goodbye, prompted at first, then freely. The child is now happy to play alongside other children for increasing lengths of time. 1 yr- 2yrs The child becomes more curious to the world around them. The child may signs of medi cineal interval anxiety and can be jealous of attention or toys given to other children. Emotions are changeful they quickly alternate between wanting to do things alone, and then requiring their carers help.The child becomes frustrated easily when not able to carry out their chosen task. The child show angry defiance and resistance to adults At this age the child likes to follow their carer and like to help with the activities, imitating them. 2 yrs 4 yrs At this age a child is beginning to understand his/her own feeling and identifies happy and sad faces. The child is also aware of other peoples feelings. They will be able to tell others how they feel.Children will respond to carers lovingly, and is moved(p) by their mood. The child may use language to profess verbally, causing them to be less rebellious. The child will now be using the toilet and washes own hands, He/she will also be able to dress them self. 4 yrs 7 yrs The child may be socially confide nt and self-esteem is apparent and responds well to praise for behaviour, encouragement and responsibility. The control over emotions increases but as imagination increases the child can become more fearful.At this age the child will be keen to fit in with other and approval from adults and peers is propensityd. Friends are important most of these are made in school. The managing of behaviour is beat out carried out and often responds best to time out method. The child will enjoy games and activities. 7 yrs 12 yrs Around the age of 7 years, a child will doubt their learning ability and often say I cant do it. This leads them to becoming frustrated easily.Personality is established more severely as attitudes to life are developed. The child is more susceptible to peer pressure, solid friendships are create and best friends are important. The child may feel unsettled when making the transition from primary school to secondary school and as puberty approaches . Strong friendships are relied upon and usually the same sex. The child may be reluctant to go to clubs unless a friend is there too.At this age the child is more independent and able to make more decisions. 12 yrs 16 yrs The child will now travel to school alone. Mood swings become more apparent due to puberty. There will be a desire for the child to fit in with peers and express individuality this can be through art/ music/ dance or creative writing and possibly through dress and hairstyles. The child may prefer to spend time with friends rather than family, and may tend to spend more time in their sleeping room at shell.A balance of school and leisure time is important. 16 yrs 19 yrsThe child becomes interested in own sexuality and feels attracted to others and may develop romantic and sexual relationships. The child may experiment with smoking, drugs or alcohol, this behaviour is linked with low self-esteem. The child may self experiment with identity th rough port . e. g. piercings and tattoos. A child may start a new job, it is important that a home, work and social life balance is taken on. Moral Development Age Range Development within the age range 0 3 months 3 6 months 6 12 months 1 yr- 2yrs 2 yrs 4 yrs The child is increasingly able to understand consequence of behaviour and the concept of getting in trouble. The child understands the concept of saying sorry and making up 4 yrs 7 yrs The child has a good understanding of familiar, basic rules. If he/she are in an environment where swearing is happening, it is likely the child will use in their own language.The child will have experienced blaming and blame, and feels shame/ criminality when adults disapprove. The child will be keen to win and be right. 7 yrs 12 yrs Attitudes to life are being developed these are the basis of future moral codes. The child can understand increasingly complex rules, impacting on the sense of right and wrong. Conflict with parents arise due to wanting independence, home rules are unfair, and refuse to wear clothing that parents have bought. 12 yrs 16 yrs The child will now develop personal morals, beliefs and values outside of parents influence . e. g. egetarian 16 yrs 19 yrs The child may protest to make their feelings know and to act on a desire to change the world . e. g. petitions, student protests any tables are guides and development ages groups are approximate. Question What is the dispute between Sequence of development and Rate of development? Why is the difference important? Sequence Rate The sequence is the order on which children develop. For The rate is the speed or age on which children develop.For example, a child will learn to sit up before they can walk. example, children of the same age will not reach all of the There are exceptions to this children or young adults with a milestones at the same age. disability may develop differently. It is importan ce to identify the difference and how each one plays a role in identifying the accomplishments of a child, what milestones have been reached and when. They enable charting of a child or young persons development to happen and provide a structure or picture that can measure where a child might be in need of support.

“Optimal Versus Naive Diversification: How Inefficient Is the 1/N Portfolio Strategy” †a Critique

Optimal Versus Naive variegation How Inefficient Is The 1/N Portfolio Strategy A Critique Title The title of the paper Optimal Versus Naive Diversification How Inefficient Is The 1/N Portfolio Strategy has been reasonably well phrased.However, it can be argued that the title is a little misleading as the principal objective of the paper is to test how efficient different optimum diversification strategies are using the 1/N portfolio schema as the benchmark and not to get word and elucidate the merits of the 1/N strategy, which the authors are certainly neither advocating for practical purposes nor seemingly seeking to comfort greater intellectual attention on the simplistic strategy. The title could nonplus simply been How Efficient in reality Are Todays Optimal Diversification Strategies? But, care has to be taken before glide slope to the above conclusion that the authors dexterity have appreciably so, intentionally used the title they have in order to attract further atten tion to their paper by stressing the obvious irony and possible iconoclasm in their conclusions. Abstract The abstract has been very well written. It captures the essence of the study and conveys the crux of it lucidly to the reader. However, it would have augured fracture to start the abstract by stating the objective of the study in addition to it being mentioned in the school text of the article just as the authors have.That way, the abstract would have had greater clarity. Motivation The inherent pauperism piece of tail the study is laudable and the implied motivation derived from the conclusion is obvious. However, the motivation itself has unfortunately not been sufficiently expressed. Apart from a one-sentence objective, nothing else has been explicitly written about why the study was undertaken. There is one early(a) sentence, which could be construed as the motivation. But, the authors themselves have not given the sentence the same attribute. The sentence itself is a reference to a revious study that found that m all investors used the 1/N diversification strategy ignoring several other sophisticated theoretical models and is stated to only justify their usage of the 1/N diversification strategy as the benchmark. It could have been elaborated upon with additional associate facts and further evidence supported by literature. Also, a separate paragraph with a heading called Motivation would be desirable to the readers. Introduction The topic cover by the article has been adequately introduced. The brief description of the various asset allocation models and how they are related to each other is commendable.The introduction has also carefully introduced the methodology, the observations and the results and the conclusions in a logical and concise carriage such that readers might understand the study by just reading this part. However, the literature on the Bayesian and non-Bayesian approaches has only been briefly mentioned in one paragraph. Cons idering how significant the contribution of the stated articles to the current study might be, it would have only been fitting to include a segment called Literature Review elaborating on them substantially more than the authors have.That way, they could have been able to make a clearer connection on how the previous studies relate to the motivation and methodology of their study. However, it should be noted that word limits might have been a constraint. In addition, the introduction must(prenominal) be a definite section that is called Introduction. Methodology The authors have adopted a racy methodology to evaluate the performance of the diversification strategies discussed. They have been explained in great detail with sufficient appendices in an easily understandable format.There is not much scope for improvement in the methodology and the authors must be greatly appreciated for it. Data The data has been obtained from highly reliable sources, thereby implying that there is h ardly any margin for error in the data. No bias or subjectivity is evident. The data has been properly sort out and well presented. Results With well-defined methodology and credible sources, the results of the study are factually accurate even though it can be argued that conclusions from the same are a function of their interpretation just as in every other study. However, there is a drawback concerning the same.The authors have only limited themselves to comparing the performance of models of optimum asset allocation that consider moments of asset returns and not other characteristics of the assets. The authors could have included a section within the discussion of their results in which they could have compared their results with that of other similar studies, even if they involved the analysis of less diversification strategies, and sought to establish a reasoning behind how the possible differences between the results of the studies might be related to variations in their re spective methodologies or data.They could have also sought to describe how their study and the key methodology have helped overcome previous voids in relevant literature. It might have even been wise to express why their study is more accurate and hence superior to the others if they did think so. In shell the study was known, to their knowledge to be unprecedented and unrelated to any comparative study of portfolio diversification strategies, it should have been explicitly stated as the reason why the above-said was not done.But, it has to be noted that the authors have and then done the above-said, but only with respect to two of their important assumptions, i. e. , Brandt et al (2007)s approach to constructing the best portfolio using cross-sectional characteristics of equity returns and the dynamic asset allocation models of Campbell and Viciera (1999 2001) and Campbell et al (2003). Conclusions The conclusions of the study are unimpeachably iconoclastic and have huge repe rcussions for the seek community.It points out how inefficient the numerous theoretical models that have been real on portfolio diversification are clearly indicates that an enormous amount of research has to be undertaken to address this drab shortcoming. The conclusions have been expressed concisely and the limitations of the study have been stated. Their recommendation on the direction for further research is well thought out and justified by their findings and is hence highly commendable.

In times of war one of the casualties is truth Essay

The word contend to galore(postnominal) wad conjures up images of death and destruction and this is shown in the twain poetrys, Dulce et decorum est and modify. Wilfred Owen, who was a solider and undergo war first hand, wrote both of the poems, he did this from personal experience. In Both poems a negative stack is giveed, by describing the pain, suffering and the general consequences of war. The message he is trying to put across by writing these poems is that war is bloody, a waste of life and may leave you in a horrific state. The conduct of the poet is to warn people of what war is all about mainly death.On the other hand, war discharge also be shown as being honourable, heroic andpatriotic, we know this from the poems The Volunteer and In Flanders Fields.The poem The Volunteer was written by a man called Herbert Asquith who was a politician and his aim was to get people to get up and volunteer them selves to go to war, so his poem gives off a positive bewitch of w ar. Herbert Asquith, in his poem, says that you will become a hero if you go to war and although you may die it is worthwhile because your country will be proud. These words create the positive view that Herbert Asquith was aiming for.A Canadian called prank McCrae is the author of the poem In Flanders Fields. John was a military medical officer and viewed war from the sidelines and got a positive view from what he axiom. His message is to other soldiers to tell them they must be adventurous and campaign with pride or the soldiers who died previously will feel they have wasted their functions fighting.The poems differ a lot from each other as they create different images of war and disagree with each other. dickens of the poems mention the good side of war, whereas the other two, shows the bad side of war. each(prenominal) four poems represent the trueness in one way or another as War has many truths.The authors of the four poems ar motivated by their different relevant expe riences of the things they were doing during the war. Owens experiences on the front line in the battlefield influenced him to lay aside the poem Disabled as he witnessed the many casualties of war, also his poem Dulce et decorum est describes the horrific conditions soldiers had to live and fight under during the war. Asquith, not being a solider himself, plainly a politician didnt truly understand what it would be like to experience war but it was his duty to persuade people to sign up and therefore this influenced his poem. John McCrae was only a medical officer but he saw the pain and suffering of the soldiers. He took this to be a good sign as it shows a outcome of being brave and fighting for your country.Wilfred Owen in both his poems wants the readers to feel moved by the message they portray and does this by using emotive language and emphasis. Owen also hopes that his poem will make people argue the consequences of war before volunteering. On the opposite side, Herber t Asquith wants the readers to be taken in by his poem, which describes being in the army as essential and honourable, something that Owen does not appear to agree on. John McCrae makes the readers feel mournful for those who died but also that they died as a duty to their country.The structures and tones of these poems are different. In Flanders Fields is concise but to the point. Whereas Disabled and Dulce et Decorum est are long and descriptive, the tone of these two poems is very serious, depressing and shocking. The Volunteer is short and persuasive.All of the poems have strong description of war and create powerful images, whether they are good or bad. From the two poems disabled and Dulce et Decorum est we can get images of bloody deaths and horrific consequences. Disabled tells us about a young man who went to war to serve his country, became a hero but suffered severely from it He stop up in a wheel chair and has no future ahead of him. Dulce et Decorum est as yet describ es war conditions in detail and paints a severe picture in our heads, using description such(prenominal) as the froth-corrupted lungs and blood-shod. Death is discussed in all 4 poems, but more evidently in Wilfred Owens work.In the Volunteer Herbert Asquith tells of man who is dull and seems to carry out the same duties day after day half(a) his life had spent toiling. Asquith then goes on to describe the glorious lifestyle of the man when he as became a soldier, implying that joining the army is a way of escaping a dull and boring life. In this poem and In Flanders Fields death is described in a soft way by using the word falling and terms such as now we lie. Emotions run towering in all of the poems, contrasting happiness and fear.I agree with Owens view on war, it is dreadful and a waste of time. There are more consequences than you can imagine, why put yourself through War, the idealisation is minimum. The Volunteer is a reflection of my down side of war, as I dont return people should be encouraged to go to war, although I do understand that people have to fight for their country.

Macbeth: Illusion vs. Reality

Kendall Dawson 1/23/12 Macbeth- Illusion v human race Thesis In Shakespe be Macbeth the theme illusion v Reality was an important theme that was dis typifyed throughout the play. The Illusions are what influenced the characters reality. When the illusions were displayed they were interpreted in reality and majority of the time sparked a negative outcome. Foul is Fair, Fair is Soul (Act 1. p. 7) is repeatedly quoted throughout the play.The Interpretation of this quote relates in sagacity to what seems right in this story actually is not, pertaining to the misleading illusions throughout the essay that caused him to kill people and to be haunted by his sins endlessly. Evidence/Supporting Sentence Witches prophecies were illusions because in reality some were misleading to Macbeth causation him further trouble throughout the play. Their appearance as well is an illusion. You appear to have beards, but you likewise look like women (Act 1). Macbeth should have realized that if he coul d not believe if their external appearance he should have not trusted in their prophecies. It is an accustomed action with her to seem thus washing her hands. I have known her to continue in this a quarter of an hour (Act 5. sc. 1). Lady Macbeth believes her hands are stained of the blood of those she has slain and she is haunted by it so she continues to wash them even though in that respect is not any blood. False face must hide what the false heart doth know (Act 4). Macbeth had prone this advice to Lady Macbeth who has begun to be haunted by the slaying. He wanted her to mask her discern, as well as black out the haunting nightmares and keep a happy face to the public. At the end of the play Lady Macbeth became very regretful and concerns her for life. She admitted to the crimes her and her husband committed as well as knew she was going to be slain in return.

Were respectable Victorians any more concerned about sex than their great grandparents had been?

Before one throne answer the skepticism above, two key monetary value need to be explained respectable and sex. The tight-laced climate was much(prenominal)(prenominal) that the term respectable is usually applied only if to those members of smart set with sufficient status to be marked out as noniceable in a rural/urban setting. To this extent, it is perhaps more pay off to realise that the question is aiming towards those Victorians of middle to high status than those of the middle and upper classes. More to the point, respectable whitethorn mean both those citizenry of status, or those men of high status. Sex is a term that carries two main(prenominal) connotations, social intercourse and gender.Gender itself is a pretty wide ranging issue, covering the role of women in both kind life and in the home, as well as increasing political activity from distaffs. In motion, the question is nearlywhat multi-faceted, and requires a three-sided result how far were men mor e aware of womens need and decents in the nineteenth century than in the ordinal how did the role of the effeminate change between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and, how did general attitudes towards intercourse and women change in a broader sense?This final question invites a response on how sex was taught, or indeed practised, in the Victorian period. One can see a change in the nineteenth century towards a society that was more concerned with some aspects of sex, particularly those brute. As Michael Mason puts it, the sexual practices of the early nineteenth century experienced a crisis of confidence. Yet by mid-century, trends of concubinage and commitment meant that traditionalistic (male) practices of prostitution were considerably displaced. As the attitudes of men changed towards a family environment, so did the role of women.Women became not only homemakers but to a fault socially active people, rather than their traditional role of sitting in the backgroun d and looking pretty. Trends in literature towards such feminist authors as the Bronte sisters and Jane Austen, as well as strong feminist trends in some of Dickens literature, were representative of a society considering the roles of women and bringing their rights to the fore. Trends also changed from the passive acceptance of wife beating towards an admittedly passive non-acceptance of such practices.In effect, there were many portentous changes towards a society that accepted sex in all its forms far more than a century before, albeit in a more austere fashion. Firstly the question of the awareness of women needs to be turn to more fully. As trends of marriage changed towards a more family based atmosphere, so did the attitudes towards the Victorian woman. A female person Queen, for whom the country held a significant respect, precipitated an almost passive acceptance of the female import in society. The Victorian man was, unlike his great grandparents, frowned upon for un- g entlemanly behaviour in the home.A change toward this acceptance of the female role was antecedent to the increased role of the male in family life. As L Davidoff has claimed, men spent much more time at work but were also in and out of the hearth place helping with the children taking part in the endless rounds of tea drinking and dropping in of relatives By the 50s, men were leaving active business to spend more time with family and to allow young family members to take over the day to day running of affairs, a good deal women being allowed to do this.Men were effectively becoming absorbed into what was previously, and exclusively, the female way of life. Alongside this change was the acceptance of women into such societies as the Rainbow Circle, with some such as the Primrose League being set up for women alone. Thus women were not only allowed a political voice, but were actively taking one also. The ideas of station in the family may not have changed, but they were certai nly evened out. As urbanisation increased, so did the acceptance of female by men.In eighteenth century rural England, the middle classes were small, and the sense of community amongst them sparse, with urbanisation came middle class community, which had the effect of introducing a social code by which e preciseone was socially obligated to abide. Certain trends towards females did not change however, domestics and governesses were dormant female, yet the subprogram of affairs between the head of the household and his servants decreased rapidly, yet this may be representative more of the austere privacy of the Victorian household which would be reluctant to admit such activities than an actual fall in such indiscretions.In effect, the attitudes towards women changed. They changed in both the way women were treated, and in the given of traditional female roles in the household of men. Yet the Victorian woman was equally different from her eighteenth century counterpart. The Victor ian woman was a changing force in society. Such occurrences as the clench of Infants mask of 1839, and the later trend for educating girls at schools (both precipitated women) give evidence to the changing female character. The Custody of Infants Act in particular is representative of the power able to be exercised by Victorian women over their husbands.This Act, which shed light on after the legal battle fought by Caroline Norton to keep her children after separation from a uncultivated husband. This not only shows that the female had a right to her children in equal capacity to her husband, but also that there was an ability for a woman to challenge a man in a court- a legal power not previously seen. It also is indicative of the brand- refreshing emphasis on motherhood, or more to the point, its importance over and above the importance of the male figure. F M L Thompson, by chance over enthusiastically, terms this change in early Victorian female culture a precursor to fema le rebellion.He doses have a point however, at the time many thinkers both on the left and right such as Peter Gaskell and Richard Oastler felt that the family and consequently the moral fabric of society was about to collapse due to an increased female role. Changing the emergence of the politically interested female of all classes and statuses complemented this emancipation. Organisations such as the Primrose League were representative of not only a new working/middle class political voice, but also of a female voice.In profit to the having a voice in the political world, and in society, as well as legal rights, the right to divorce was also important. The Divorce Act of 1857 allowed wives for the first time to divorce their violent husbands, which was an important factor in in the beginning of womens rights, which became codified legally over the ensuing century. It also had the effect of reducing the number of ambiguous separations, which were against the fabric of the Victori an family life. In effect, the change in the role of women was not huge, but it was significant. Rights indoors the family increased, as did station in society.Changing attitudes towards intercourse are also important. Marriage is important in this sphere also, as well as family life. One of the most striking features of Victorian England was the relative bloodline in prostitution compared with the increase of towns and cities. This may be attributed to the transformation towards a family atmosphere, and the importance of sexual dealings in the home. This may be attributed towards the Victorian culture of evangelicalism and nonconformity both of which preached ideas of temperance, and the consequent decline in alcohol consumption amongst respectable people.Alongside this came a new awareness of sexual diseases, with many people feeling sufficiently more comfortable with themselves to request treatment. Sex as an act was more considered in the health check sphere also. Books were written detailing every aspect of sexuality, from academic retains on the orgasmic theory of ovulation to Dr Becklards self-help book Becklards physiology. It is true however, that by the end of the Victorian period, bipolar attitudes towards sex, meant that women were portrayed in nature as either frigid or insatiable, and men absolved from blame as servants to their katabolic needs.In effect, although women experienced a change in their roles and their perception, as sexual objects, their portrayal was quite regressive. To this extent sex in terms of the portrayal of men and women was both progressive in terms of thinking and theory (although most often mistaken) yet also regressive in its portrayals of each sex and its consequent categorisations of the sexes, which not until Freud were reversed. In concomitant to this, for the first time, sex bringing up was taught on a very primitive level at school, and carnal sex was mentioned at a very understated level at home.In effect, trends of sex education were just breaking done, but nonetheless they were there. In conclusion, the Victorians were more aware of sex, both categorical and carnal. Trends towards traditional sexual roles were changed as men frequently took over roles at home, and women often took over their husbands businesses after death. Family trends revolutionised the fructify of the male at home, along with a willingness to consider womens rights by allowing the Custody and Divorce Acts to be passed through parliament.Moreover, the Victorian female was able to push for such reform as she found a new social and political voice not before experience. This is not to say that suddenly the female was the primordial character in society, far from it. Husband continued to beat wives, and the Divorce Act didnt precipitate a mass rush for every abused female to divorce their husbands. The female role was still very much subordinate to the male, but it was significantly improved on the position of t he eighteenth century female.Trends towards intercourse complemented this as trends in marriage changed the way Victorian men sought sex. Prostitution declined and the social/medical considerations of sex changed in a way not seen in the eighteenth century. Although the austere male rule society still excused the male from any blame of carnal desire, as compared with the female who was pushed to extremes of imperturbability or insatiability. In effect, awareness of sex was increased, or at least more openly discussed.

Data and IT networks are having a significant impact on the production Essay

Data and IT networks are having a significant impact on the production and distribution of tuner material - Essay ExampleThis interrogation is mainly aimed at presenting a deep insight into the incorporation of the new technology (computer, networks, IT) in the dramatics of Radio. This research presents a detailed analysis of the data and IT networks incorporation in the Radio field and its sagacity of the significant impact on the production and distribution of tuner material. This research also explorers the data and IT networks engross and design for the Radio technology.Radio is a component of the electromagnetic band, minute deviations in electricity and magnetism that, similar to ripples on a pool, extensive in waves at the speed of light to present us light itself, x-rays and other rays, and radio (Ofcom).Radio waves reach us from verbotener space sources, the Sun beingness a most important source that regularly interferes with radio or TV function on earth. Jupiter i s also a vigorous source of radio transmission. Mapping the radio transmission from extraterrestrial sources, acknowledge as radio astronomy, has presented information about the world that is frequently not reachable by inwardness of optical telescopes. In addition, for the reason that the earths atmosphere does not take up robustly at radio wavelengths, radio astronomy provides definite benefits over optical, infrared, or microwave astronomy on earth (Halliday, Resnick and Krane). all over the past few years, the up-to-date Radio technology particular to the area of information and entertainment has transform significantly. A supreme example of this is satellite radio. In the place of listen the customary Radio transmission, we at the present are able to listen the local radio channels by means of satellites out in space. The new and up-to-date IT and network technology has provided huge advantage regarding the establishment of the better radio voice quality, more coverage, and l ot of other options. By means of new technology there is no downtime, affordability, additional robust content as well as the